Can you find its general term?

Algebra Level 4

n = 1 20 n 2 + 1 n 2 + n 2 n \sum_{n=1}^{20} \frac{n^2+1}{n^2+n}\cdot2^n The value of the summation above can be expressed as a b 2 23 , \frac{a}{b}\cdot2^{23}, where a a and b b are coprime positive integers. Find the value of a + b . a+b.


The answer is 26.

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2 solutions

Chew-Seong Cheong
Jun 13, 2015

n = 1 20 2 n ( n 2 + 1 ) n 2 + n = n = 1 20 2 n ( n 2 + n n + 1 ) n ( n + 1 ) = n = 1 20 2 n n = 1 20 2 n n + 1 + n = 1 20 2 n n ( n + 1 ) = n = 1 20 2 n n = 1 20 2 n n + 1 + n = 1 20 2 n n n = 1 20 2 n n + 1 = n = 1 20 2 n + n = 1 20 2 n n n = 1 20 2 n + 1 n + 1 = n = 1 20 2 n + n = 1 20 2 n n n = 2 21 2 n n = 2 ( 2 20 1 ) 2 1 + 2 1 1 2 21 21 = 2 21 2 + 2 2 21 21 = ( 21 1 ) 2 21 21 = 20 ˙ 2 21 21 = 5 21 2 23 a + b = 5 + 21 = 26 \begin{aligned} \sum_{n=1}^{20} {\frac{2^n(n^2+1)}{n^2+n}} & = \sum_{n=1}^{20} {\frac{2^n(n^2+n -n +1)}{n(n+1)}} \\ & = \sum_{n=1}^{20} {2^n} - \sum_{n=1}^{20} {\frac{2^n}{n+1}} + \sum_{n=1}^{20} {\frac{2^n}{n(n+1)}} \\ & = \sum_{n=1}^{20} {2^n} - \sum_{n=1}^{20} {\frac{2^n}{n+1}} + \sum_{n=1}^{20} {\frac{2^n}{n}} - \sum_{n=1}^{20} {\frac{2^n}{n+1}} \\ & = \sum_{n=1}^{20} {2^n} + \sum_{n=1}^{20} {\frac{2^n}{n}} - \sum_{n=1}^{20} {\frac{2^{n+1}}{n+1}} \\ & = \sum_{n=1}^{20} {2^n} + \sum_{n=1}^{20} {\frac{2^n}{n}} - \sum_{n=2}^{21} {\frac{2^{n}}{n}} \\ & = \frac{2(2^{20} - 1)}{2-1} + \frac{2^1}{1} - \frac{2^{21}}{21} \\ & = 2^{21} - 2 + 2 - \frac{2^{21}}{21} \\ & = \frac{(21-1)2^{21}}{21} = \frac{20 \dot{} 2^{21}}{21} = \frac{5}{21}2^{23} \\ \Rightarrow a + b = 5 + 21 & = \boxed{26} \end{aligned}

Moderator note:

Nice job. But it would be better to express n 2 + 1 n 2 + n \frac{n^2+1}{n^2+n} in terms of its partial fractions first.

Frankly, I have forgot how to do partial fractions.

Chew-Seong Cheong - 5 years, 12 months ago

did the same way

Shashank Rustagi - 5 years, 12 months ago
David Qian
Jun 13, 2015

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