Let ABC be a triangle with ∠A = 90◦ and AB = AC. Let D and E be points on the segment BC such that BD : DE : EC = 3 : 5 : 4. Find ∠DAE in degrees ( RMO 2013 )
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Once we have determined the side lengths of triangle A D E , it is easy to find the angle.
Having found that the angle is 4 5 ∘ , one should consider if there is an alternative approach to arrive that result, which sheds more insight into the problem. For example, 3 : 5 : 4 should remind us of the Pythagorean Triplet.
Is it true that if the ratio is in a pythagorean triplet (with DE as the hypotenuse), then the angle D A E must be 4 5 ∘ ?
It is 4 5 o for 3:5:4 only if it is an i s o s c e l e s right angled triangle. 3:5:4 or any of its multiple is OK. I tried with 5:13:12, the angle was not 45.
DM=15x/sqrt10
Sorry in the first line angle ABC= 45 and not angle BAC.
Rotate Δ A B C clockwise by 9 0 ∘ .
Then C D ′ = A D = 3 , C E = 4 , and ∠ E C D ′ = 9 0 ∘ . Therefore E D ′ = 5 = E D .
Thus D E D ′ B is a kite with ∠ D B D ′ = 9 0 ∘ , so ∠ D B E = 4 5 ∘ .
Let M be the midpoint of BC. Without losing generality, let BC=12.
So BD=3, DM=3, ME=2, EC=4 and AM=6.
A
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S
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L
a
w
t
o
,
Δ
A
D
B
S
i
n
(
4
5
−
α
)
3
=
S
i
n
4
5
A
D
.
.
.
.
(
1
)
Δ
A
D
M
S
i
n
(
α
)
3
=
S
i
n
9
0
A
D
.
.
.
.
(
2
)
Δ
A
E
M
S
i
n
(
β
)
2
=
S
i
n
9
0
A
E
.
.
.
.
(
3
)
Δ
A
E
C
S
i
n
(
4
5
−
β
)
4
=
S
i
n
4
5
A
E
.
.
.
.
(
4
)
F
r
o
m
(
1
)
,
(
2
)
S
i
n
(
4
5
−
α
)
3
=
S
i
n
4
5
S
i
n
(
α
)
3
⟹
S
i
n
α
=
C
o
s
α
−
S
i
n
α
∴
T
a
n
α
=
2
1
.
F
r
o
m
(
3
)
,
(
4
)
S
i
n
(
4
5
−
β
)
4
=
S
i
n
4
5
S
i
n
(
β
)
2
⟹
S
i
n
β
=
C
o
s
β
−
2
S
i
n
β
∴
T
a
n
β
=
3
1
.
∴
∠
D
A
E
=
α
+
β
=
T
a
n
−
1
1
−
2
1
∗
3
1
2
1
+
3
1
=
4
5
o
.
Good problem:easy yet beautiful
Cosine law can also be used though solution will be little lengthy
Much simple than I thought so
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