A B = 1 2 , B C = 1 8 and A C = 2 5 , a semicircle is drawn such that its diameter lies on A C and it is tangent to A B at point D and B C at point E . Given that point O is the center of the semicircle, find the length of A O .
In the triangle shown above,
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//Apply Cosine Rule for ∠ A and ∠ C Cosine Rule
cos ( ∠ A ) = 2 × 1 2 × 2 5 1 2 2 + 2 5 2 − 1 8 2 = 1 2 0 8 9
cos ( ∠ C ) = 2 × 1 8 × 2 5 1 8 2 + 2 5 2 − 1 2 2 = 1 8 0 1 6 1
//Apply sin ( θ ) = 1 − cos 2 ( θ )
sin ( ∠ A ) = 1 − cos 2 ( ∠ A ) = 1 2 0 6 4 7 9
sin ( ∠ C ) = 1 − cos 2 ( ∠ C ) = 1 8 0 6 4 7 9
Now let x=AO ⇒ OC=25-x
△ A O D and △ C O E are right angle //since OE and OD are radius
sin ( ∠ A ) = x r a d i u s ⇒ r a d i u s = x ⋅ sin ( ∠ A )
sin ( ∠ C ) = 2 5 − x r a d i u s ⇒ r a d i u s = ( 2 5 − x ) sin ( ∠ C )
⇒ x ⋅ sin ( ∠ A ) = ( 2 5 − x ) sin ( ∠ C )
x = sin ( ∠ C ) + sin ( ∠ A ) 2 5 sin ( ∠ C ) = 1 8 0 6 4 7 9 + 1 2 0 6 4 7 9 2 5 1 8 0 6 4 7 9
multiply denominator and numerator by 6 4 7 9 1 8 0
⇒ x = 2 5 2 5 = 1 0
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Right triangles B D O and B E O are congruent, so ∠ D B O = ∠ E B O . Hence, B O bisects ∠ D B E .
Then by angle bisector theorem, C O A O = B C A B = 1 8 1 2 = 3 2 , so A O = 5 2 ⋅ A C = 1 0 .