x x 1
What is the maximum value of the expression above?
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Let y = x x 1 . Then taking natural logarithm both sides,
ln y y 1 ⋅ d x d y − y 2 1 ⋅ d x d y + y 1 ⋅ d x 2 d 2 y ⟹ 0 + y 1 ⋅ d x 2 d 2 y ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ x = e = x ln x = x 2 1 − ln x = x 3 − 1 − 2 ( 1 − ln x ) = − e 3 1 Differentiate both sides w.r.t. x . ⟹ d x d y = 0 , when ln x = 1 ⟹ x = e Differentiate both sides w.r.t. x again. ⟹ d x 2 d 2 y ∣ ∣ ∣ ∣ x = e < 0 , as y = x x 1 > 0
Therefore, max ( x x 1 ) = e e 1 ≈ 1 . 4 4 5 .
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