A B C is a triangle with A B = 3 6 0 , B C = 2 4 0 , C A = 1 8 0 . The internal and external angle bisectors of ∠ C A B meet B C and B C produced at P and Q respectively. Find the circumradius of A P Q .
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The essential crux of the problem is that P and Q are harmonic conjugates with respect to B and C. The circumcircle of triangle APQ is essentially the appolonius circle of triangle ABC.There are many interesting facts related to that.
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Yeah, this harmonic configuration can give rise to tonnes of problems.
By Angle Bisector Theorem and Ratio proportion Dividendo-Componendo, P B P C = A B A C = 3 6 0 1 8 0 = 2 1 . ∴ P B + P C P C = 1 + 2 1 . ⟹ P C = B C ∗ 3 1 = 8 0 . Q B Q C = A B A C = 3 6 0 1 8 0 = 2 1 ∴ Q B − Q C Q C = 1 − 2 1 . ⟹ Q C = B C ∗ 1 1 = 2 4 0 . But internal and external angle bisectors are at right angles. So PQ is the hypotenuse of Δ A P Q . I t s R = 2 1 ∗ h y p o t e n u s e = 2 1 ∗ ( 8 0 + 2 4 0 ) = 1 6 0 . G e n e r a l i s a t i o n : − Using the above method we get, R = ∣ b 2 − c 2 ∣ a ∗ b ∗ c .
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Since A P is an internal bisector of ∠ C A B ,
P C P B = A C A B = 2
Hence, C P = 8 0 and P B = 1 6 0 .
Since A Q is an external bisector of ∠ B A C ,
Q C Q B = A C A B = 2
Hence, Q B = 2 Q C and therefore Q C + 2 4 0 = 2 Q C , which means Q C = 2 4 0 .
Also, ∠ Q A P = 9 0 ∘ , which means Q P is the diameter of the circumcircle of A P Q . But Q P = Q C + P C = 2 4 0 + 8 0 = 3 2 0 . Thus, the circumradius is 1 6 0 .