Can you get the hint?

Geometry Level 2

21 cot 2 x = 25 \Large 21\cot^{2}x = -25

Considering the statement above, we can assume that:

x x is not a real number 18 0 < x < 27 0 180^\circ < x < 270^\circ 27 0 < x < 36 0 270^\circ < x < 360^\circ 9 0 < x < 18 0 90^\circ < x < 180^\circ 0 < x < 9 0 0^\circ < x < 90^\circ x < 0 x < 0^\circ x > 36 0 x > 360^\circ

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4 solutions

Leonardo Scarton
Sep 19, 2015

Well, it is kind of hard to think about this. The fastest way out of this problem is: 21 c o t 2 x = 25 \large 21cot^{2}x = -25 ( 25 4 ) c o t 2 x = 25 \large (25 - 4)cot^{2}x = -25 25 c o t 2 x + 25 = 4 c o t 2 x \large 25cot^{2}x + 25 = 4cot^{2}x c o t 2 x + 1 = 4 c o t 2 x 25 \large cot^{2}x + 1 = \frac{4cot^{2}x}{25} c o s s e c 2 x = 4 c o t 2 x 25 \large cossec^{2}x = \frac{4cot^{2}x}{25} c o s s e c x = 2 c o t x 5 \large cossecx = \frac{2cotx}{5} s i n x = 5 2 c o t x \large sinx = \frac{5}{2cotx} s i n x = 5 t a n x 2 \large sinx = \frac{5tanx}{2} s i n x t a n x = 5 2 \large \frac{sinx}{tanx} = \frac{5}{2} c o s x = 2.5 \large \boxed{cosx = 2.5} Considering that the max "cos" or "sin" of any real number is 1, we can assume that x is not a real number.

There was no need of actually finding out the value of the trigo ratio.

Nihar Mahajan - 5 years, 8 months ago
Nihar Mahajan
Sep 20, 2015

Since cot 2 x 0 \cot^2 x \geq 0 and 21 > 0 21>0 , L.H.S is positive and R.H.S is negative and this is possible only if x x is a complex number.

Raj Magesh
Sep 19, 2015

Observe that 21 21 is positive and that cot 2 x \cot^2 x is positive when x R x \in R . Hence, the LHS is positive. But the RHS is negative, indicating that our assumption that x R x \in R is false.

Substituting the trigonometric functions of x, one can solve this problem, but it is a longer way:

21 c o t 2 x = 25 21 ( c o s x s i n x ) 2 = 25 21 c o s 2 x s i n 2 x = 25 21cot^{2}x = -25 \Rightarrow 21 (\frac{cosx}{sinx})^{2} = -25 \Rightarrow \frac{21cos^{2}x}{sin^{2}x} = -25 21 c o s 2 x = 25 s i n 2 x c o s x = s i n x 25 21 \Rightarrow 21cos^{2}x = -25sin^{2}x \Rightarrow cosx = sinx \sqrt{\frac{-25}{21}} c o s x = s i n x × 5 i 21 21 \Rightarrow cosx = \frac{sinx \times 5i \sqrt{21}}{21} . We can already note that x is not a real number, but let's continue:

c o t 2 x = 25 21 cot^{2}x = \frac{-25}{21} . Using the trigonometric identity 1 + c o t 2 x = c s c 2 x 1 + cot^{2}x = csc^{2}x , we get that 1 + ( 25 21 ) = c s c 2 x c s c 2 x = 4 21 1 + (\frac{-25}{21}) = csc^{2}x \Rightarrow csc^{2}x = \frac{-4}{21} s i n x = 21 2 i \Rightarrow sinx = \frac{\sqrt{21}}{2i} c o s x = 21 5 i 21 2 i 21 \therefore cosx = \frac{\frac{\sqrt{21}5i \sqrt{21}}{2i}}{21} c o s x = 21 × 5 2 21 c o s x = 2.5 \Rightarrow cosx = \frac{\frac{21 \times 5}{2}}{21} \Rightarrow \boxed{cosx = 2.5}

Note that the value of c o s x cosx is greater than the maximum possible value of a function of the form f ( x ) = c o s x f(x) = cosx , so it is clear that x is not a real number, but I still haven't got enough of it:

c o s 2 x + s i n 2 x = 1 ( 5 2 ) 2 + s i n 2 x = 1 s i n 2 x = 10 25 10 s i n x = 15 10 s i n x = i 15 10 cos^{2}x + sin^{2}x = 1 \Rightarrow (\frac{5}{2})^2 + sin^{2}x = 1 \Rightarrow sin^{2}x = \frac{10-25}{10} \Rightarrow sinx = \sqrt{\frac{-15}{10}} \Rightarrow \boxed{sinx = i \sqrt{\frac{15}{10}}}

We are now sure that x is not a real number.

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