Tangent Paralleled?

Geometry Level 4

If the distance between two parallel tangents having slope m m drawn to the hyperbola x 2 9 y 2 49 = 1 \dfrac{x^2}{9}-\dfrac{y^2}{49}=1 is 2 2 . What is the value of 2 m 2|m| ?


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The answer is 5.000.

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2 solutions

Pranjal Jain
Feb 19, 2015

The best way to do is to use the fact that the equations of tangent, with slope m m , to standard hyperbola x 2 a 2 y 2 b 2 = 1 \dfrac{x^2}{a^2}-\dfrac{y^2}{b^2}=1 are y = m x ± a 2 m 2 b 2 y=mx\pm \sqrt{a^2m^2-b^2}

Now the distance between lines y = m x + c 1 y=mx+c_1 and y = m x + c 2 y=mx+c_2 is c 1 c 2 1 + m 2 \left |\dfrac{c_1-c_2}{\sqrt{1+m^2}}\right |

Substituting a 2 = 9 , b 2 = 49 a^2=9,b^2=49 , equations of tangents come out to be y = m x ± 9 m 2 49 y=mx\pm\sqrt{9m^2-49}

Calculating distance and equating to 2 2 ,

2 = 2 9 m 2 49 1 + m 2 1 + m 2 = 9 m 2 49 1 + m 2 = 9 m 2 49 m 2 = 25 4 m = 5 2 2 m = 5 2=\dfrac{2\sqrt{9m^2-49}}{\sqrt{1+m^2}}\\\Rightarrow \sqrt{1+m^2}=\sqrt{9m^2-49}\\\Rightarrow 1+m^2=9m^2-49\Rightarrow m^2=\dfrac{25}{4}\\\Rightarrow |m|=\dfrac{5}{2}\Rightarrow 2|m|=5


Hint for proving the equation of tangents

Let the equation of line be y = m x + c y=mx+c . Solve it with hyperbola to get a quadratic in x x or y y . Since it is a tangent, there should be one solution to this quadratic. Make the determinant 0 0 to get a quadratic in c c . Calculate c c as f ( m , a , b ) f(m,a,b) . Substitute c c back in original equation. ¨ \ddot\smile

Perfect solution... Great !

Sandeep Bhardwaj - 6 years, 3 months ago
Ujjwal Rane
Mar 25, 2015

By symmetry each tangent must be 1 unit from the origin. Giving y intercept to be 1 cos θ = sec θ = 1 + m 2 \frac{1}{\cos\theta} = \sec \theta = \sqrt{1 + m^2} . Equate this with the y intercept from the equation of tangent: y = m x ± a 2 m 2 b 2 y = mx \pm \sqrt{a^2m^2-b^2}

Thus, 1 + m 2 = 9 m 2 49 1 + m^2 = 9m^2-49 yielding m = 5 2 m = \frac{5}{2}

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