Center of gravity of a cone

Calculus Level 5

In which height z 0 z_0 is the center of gravity of a truncated cone of height h = 1 h = 1 ? The radius R = 1 2 R '= \frac{1}{2} at the top of the cone is half the radius R = 1 R = 1 at the bottom. The center of gravity can be determined by a volume integral z 0 = 1 V z d V = 1 V z A ( z ) d z z_0 = \frac{1}{V}\int z dV = \frac{1}{V} \int z A(z) dz with the cross-sectional area A ( z ) A(z) of the cone at height z z and the volume V V of the truncated cone.


The answer is 0.39.

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1 solution

Markus Michelmann
Nov 26, 2017

The cone has a cross-sectional area A ( z ) = π r 2 = π ( R 1 2 R z ) 2 = π ( z 2 4 z + 1 ) A(z) = \pi r^2 = \pi \left(R - \frac{1}{2} R z \right)^2 = \pi \left(\frac{z^2}{4} - z + 1 \right) The area A ( z ) A(z) is a quadratic function in z z . The volume of the truncated cone results to V = 0 1 A ( z ) d z = π [ z 3 12 z 2 2 + z ] 0 1 = 7 π 12 V = \int_0^1 A(z) dz = \pi \left[\frac{z^3}{12} - \frac{z^2}{2} + z \right]_0^1 = \frac{7 \pi}{12} Therefore, the center of gravity results z 0 = 1 V 0 1 z A ( z ) d z = π V 0 1 ( z 3 4 z 2 + z ) d z = π V [ z 4 16 z 3 3 + z 2 2 ] 0 1 = π V 11 48 = 11 28 0.3929 \begin{aligned} z_0 &= \frac{1}{V} \int_0^1 z A(z) dz = \frac{\pi}{V} \int_0^1 \left(\frac{z^3}{4} - z^2 + z \right) dz \\ &= \frac{\pi}{V} \left[\frac{z^4}{16} - \frac{z^3}{3} + \frac{z^2}{2} \right]_0^1 = \frac{\pi}{V} \frac{11}{48} \\ &= \frac{11}{28} \approx 0.3929 \end{aligned}

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