Challenges in optics

A ray of light is incident at an angle of 6 0 60^\circ on one face of a prism which has an apex angle of 3 0 . 30^\circ. The ray emerging out of the prism makes an angle of 3 0 30^{\circ} with the incident ray. Calculate the refractive index of the material of the prism.


The answer is 1.732.

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1 solution

Akhil Bansal
Dec 12, 2015

Using formula δ = i 1 + i 2 A \color{#3D99F6}{\delta} = \color{#20A900}{i_1} + \color{#D61F06}{i_2} - \color{#69047E}{ A}
where δ \color{#3D99F6}{\delta} is angle of deviation, i 1 \color{#20A900}{i_1} is angle of incidence on face 1, i 2 \color{#D61F06}{i_2} is angle of incidence on 2 and A \color{#69047E}{A} is angle of prism.

30 = 60 + i 2 30 i 2 = 0 30 = 60 + \color{#D61F06}{i_2} - 30 \Rightarrow \color{#D61F06}{i_2} = 0 Hence, angle of refraction on second face is zero ( r 2 = 0 \color{#0C6AC7}{r_2} = 0 ).

By the formula, A = r 1 + r 2 \color{#69047E}{A} = \color{#624F41}{r_1} + \color{#0C6AC7}{r_2}
where r 1 \color{#624F41}{r_1} is angle of refraction on first face of prism.
r 1 = 30 \color{#624F41}{r_1} = 30 Applying Snell's law on face 1,
sin i 1 = μ sin r 1 \sin \color{#3D99F6}{i_1} = \color{#EC7300}{\mu }\sin\color{#624F41}{ r_1} sin 60 = μ sin 30 μ = 3 \sin 60 =\color{#EC7300}{ \mu} \sin 30 \Rightarrow \color{#EC7300}{\mu} = \sqrt{3}

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