The polynomials and can be factorized where and
Find the minimum such that has two solutions
This section requires Javascript.
You are seeing this because something didn't load right. We suggest you, (a) try
refreshing the page, (b) enabling javascript if it is disabled on your browser and,
finally, (c)
loading the
non-javascript version of this page
. We're sorry about the hassle.
If the roots of a quadratic equation are both integers, the discriminant is a perfect square. So let a 2 + 4 b = m 2 and a 2 − 4 b = n 2 . Then, ( a 2 + 4 b ) + ( a 2 − 4 b ) = m 2 + n 2 m 2 + n 2 = 2 a 2 As m and n have same parity, let m = u + v and n = ∣ u − v ∣ . Then, ( u + v ) 2 + ( ∣ u − v ∣ ) 2 = 2 a 2 u 2 + 2 u v + v 2 + u 2 − 2 u v + v 2 = 2 a 2 2 u 2 + 2 v 2 = 2 a 2 u 2 + v 2 = a 2 So u , v , a is a Pythagorean triple. Let u = k ( r 2 − s 2 ) , v = 2 k r s , a = k ( r 2 + s 2 ) ( k , r , s are positive integers, r > s , g cd ( r , s ) = 1 and 2 ∤ r + s ).
As m 2 − n 2 = ( a 2 + 4 b ) − ( a 2 − 4 b ) = 8 b , b = 8 m 2 − n 2 = 8 ( u + v ) 2 − ( u − v ) 2 = 8 ( u 2 + 2 u v + v 2 ) − ( u 2 − 2 u v + v 2 ) = 8 4 u v = 2 u v = 2 2 k 2 r s ( r 2 − s 2 ) = k 2 r s ( r 2 − s 2 ) As g cd ( a , b ) = g cd ( k ( r 2 + s 2 ) , k 2 r s ( r 2 − s 2 ) ) = 1 , k = 1 .
After trying (trying from r + s = 3 , 5 , 7 , ⋯ ), we find that when ( r , s ) = ( 5 , 2 ) or ( 6 , 1 ) , b = 2 1 0 , which is the minimum requirement.