I am reading a -page long book which is divided into chapters.
The sum of all the digits of the first two page numbers of the second chapter is equal to that of the last two page numbers of the same chapter. Both are equal to How many pages does the second chapter have?
Note: Obviously, the second chapter has more than pages.
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We can first notice that the sum of digits of two consecutive numbers can be even if and only if the first number end with a 9 (otherwise both numbers will be written as a n a n − 1 . . . a 1 a 0 and a n a n − 1 . . . a 1 ( a 0 + 1 ) and the sum will be 2 ( a n + a n − 1 + . . . + a 1 + a 0 ) + 1 .)
Now, we now that the two first (and last) pages of the second chapter must be a b 9 and a ( b + 1 ) 0 such that a + b + 9 + a + b + 1 = 1 8 ⇒ a + b = 4 . Since the total number of pages is 2 2 5 the only solutions are a = 0 , b = 4 and a = 1 , b = 3 i.e. pages ( 4 9 , 5 0 ) and ( 1 3 9 , 1 4 0 ) hence the number of pages of the second chapter is 1 4 0 − 4 9 + 1 = 9 2 .