Christmas Streak 21/88: Too Many Variables!

There are 100 100 positive reals, x 1 x_{1} , x 2 x_{2} , x 3 x_{3} , \cdots , x 100 x_{100} .

  • M M is the average of the squares of given 100 100 numbers.

  • V V is the variance of the given 100 100 numbers.

  • m m is the average of the given 100 100 numbers.

  • v v is the variance of the positive square roots of given 100 100 numbers.

If M V + m = 210 M-V+m=210 and v = 3 v=3 , find the value of:

the average of the positive square roots of given 100 numbers \boxed{\text{the average of the positive square roots of given }100\text{ numbers}}

Submit your answer to 3 3 decimal places.


This problem is a part of <Christmas Streak 2017> series .


The answer is 3.317.

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1 solution

Boi (보이)
Oct 19, 2017

For a set of n n variables X , X, V ( X ) V(X) is its variance and E ( X ) E(X) is its average.

V ( X ) = k = 1 n ( x k E ( X ) ) 2 n = k = 1 n x k 2 n 2 E ( X ) k = 1 n x k n + k = 1 n E ( X ) n = E ( X 2 ) 2 E ( X ) 2 + E ( X ) 2 = E ( X 2 ) E ( X ) 2 . V(X) \\ \displaystyle =\sum_{k=1}^{n} \dfrac{(x_k-E(X))^2}{n} \\ \displaystyle = \sum_{k=1}^{n} \dfrac{{x_k}^2}{n}-2E(X)\sum_{k=1}^{n}\dfrac{x_k}{n} +\sum_{k=1}^n \dfrac{E(X)}{n} \\ =E(X^2)-2E(X)^2+E(X)^2 \\ =E(X^2)-E(X)^2.

Same applies for X , \sqrt{X}, so plugging in, we get V ( X ) = E ( X ) E ( X ) 2 . V(\sqrt{X})=E(X)-E(\sqrt{X})^2.

Since V ( X ) = V , E ( X 2 ) = M , E ( X ) = m , V(X)=V,~E(X^2)=M,~E(X)=m, we get V = M m 2 . V=M-m^2.

And since M V + m = 210 , m 2 + m 210 = 0. M-V+m=210,~m^2+m-210=0.

So m = 14 m=14 since m > 0. m>0.

Then note that v = V ( X ) . v=V(\sqrt{X}). Therefore v = m E ( X ) 2 . v=m-E(\sqrt{X})^2.

E ( X ) 2 = m v = 14 3 = 11. E(\sqrt{X})^2=m-v=14-3=11.

E ( X ) = 11 3.317 . ( E ( X ) > 0 ) \therefore~E(\sqrt{X})=\sqrt{11}\approx\boxed{3.317}.~(\because E(\sqrt{X})>0)

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