In the figure, is a unit square. A circle is drawn with centre on the extended line and passing through . If the diagonal is tangent to the circle at , what is the area of the shaded region?
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If the circular arc A X is tangent to the diagonal A C , then ∠ O A C = 9 0 ∘ , and ∠ O A B = ∠ O A C − ∠ B A C = 9 0 ∘ − 4 5 ∘ = 4 5 ∘ . Then A O = 2 and the area of the shaded area:
[ A X C D ] = [ A B C D ] − [ A B X ] = [ A B C D ] − ( [ O A X ] − [ O A B ] ) = 1 × 1 − 8 π ( 2 ) 2 + 2 1 × 1 = 4 6 − π