Circle buddies in a rectangle

Geometry Level 4

If K K is a point on O I I such that the distance from J J to K K is as small as possible, M M is the point at which O I I intersects O E E₁ and L L is the point at which O I I intersects O E E₂ , then:

Your goal is to find the area of quadrilateral L J M K LJMK .

The area can be expressed in the form X Y Z \frac{X\sqrt Y}{Z} , where X X and Z Z are coprime and Y Y has no prime perfect square factors.

Find the product of the coordinates of the uppermost point on a circle with equation ( x Z ) ² + ( y Y ) ² = X (x-Z)² +(y-Y)²=X .

In your solutions, assume B D = 10 BD=10 .

N o t e Note t h a t that O G G means C i r c l e Circle G G .


The answer is 16.

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1 solution

Problem requiring patience :)

Let the radius of each circle be r r . Then the equation of E 1 E_1 , considering the origin of coordinates at C C , is

( x r ) 2 + ( y r ) 2 = r 2 (x-r) ^2+(y-r) ^2=r^2

Equation of E 2 E_2 is

( x 2 r ) 2 + ( y r ) 2 = r 2 (x-2r)^2+(y-r) ^2=r^2

Solving we get the coordinates of I I as

x I = 3 r 2 , y I = ( 2 + 3 ) r 2 x_I=\dfrac {3r}{2},y_I=\dfrac {(2+\sqrt 3)r}{2}

Equation of red circle is

( x 3 r 2 ) 2 + ( y ( 2 + 3 ) r 2 ) 2 = r 2 (x-\frac{3r}{2})^2+(y-\frac{(2+\sqrt 3)r}{2})^2=r^2

Solving this equation with the equation of E 1 E_1 we get the coordinates of M M as

x M = r 2 , y M = ( 2 + 3 ) r 2 x_M=\dfrac r2,y_M=\dfrac {(2+\sqrt 3)r}{2}

Since J K |\overline {JK}| is minimum, this line segment must be perpendicular to A B \overline {AB}

So, coordinates of J J are

x J = 3 r 2 , y J = 2 r x_J=\dfrac {3r}{2},y_J=2r , and of K K are

x K = 3 r 2 , y K = ( 4 + 3 ) r 2 x_K=\dfrac {3r}{2},y_K=\dfrac {(4+\sqrt 3)r}{2}

So, area of J M K \triangle {JMK} is

1 2 r 2 ( 4 + 3 2 r 2 r ) + 3 r 2 ( 2 r 2 + 3 2 r ) + 3 r 2 ( 2 + 3 2 r 4 + 3 2 r ) \dfrac 12|\frac r2(\frac{4+\sqrt 3}{2}r-2r)+\frac{3r}{2}(2r-\frac{2+\sqrt 3}{2}r)+\frac{3r}{2}(\frac{2+\sqrt 3}{2}r-\frac{4+\sqrt 3}{2}r)|

= r 2 3 4 =\dfrac {r^2\sqrt 3}{4}

It is given that r = 10 2 = 5 r=\dfrac {10}{2}=5

So, area of the triangle is 25 3 4 \dfrac {25\sqrt 3}{4}

Since the triangles J M K \triangle {JMK} and J L K \triangle {JLK} have equal area, therefore area of the quadrilateral L J M K LJMK is twice the sum of J M K \triangle {JMK} :

Area = 25 3 2 =\dfrac {25\sqrt 3}{2}

Hence X = 25 , Y = 3 , Z = 2 X=25,Y=3,Z=2

The equation of the given circle is

( x 2 ) 2 + ( y 3 ) 2 = 25 = 5 2 (x-2)^2+(y-3)^2=25=5^2

So the coordinates of the uppermost point of this circle are

x u = 2 , y u = 3 + 5 = 8 x_u=2,y_u=3+5=8 , and their product is x u y u = 2 × 8 = 16 x_uy_u=2\times 8=\boxed {16} .

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