Three circles, each of which passes through one vertex of the triangle and maintains a constant ratio of distances to the other two, are drawn for a certain obtuse scalene triangle. If the three circles also intersect at one point on the side of the triangle, find the measure of the obtuse angle (in degrees).
This section requires Javascript.
You are seeing this because something didn't load right. We suggest you, (a) try
refreshing the page, (b) enabling javascript if it is disabled on your browser and,
finally, (c)
loading the
non-javascript version of this page
. We're sorry about the hassle.
Let the sides of the triangle be a , b , and c , let the angles be ∠ A , ∠ B , and ∠ C , where ∠ C is the obtuse angle, and let D be the intersection of the three circles on side c , where d = C D , as follows:
Then b a = A D B D , which by the angle bisector means that ∠ B C D = ∠ A C D . Let θ = ∠ B C D = ∠ A C D .
Also since b a = A D B D , then b a = c − B D B D , which solves to B D = a + b a c , and A D = c − C D = c − a + b a c , which solves to A D = a + b b c .
Also, c a = A D d , and since A D = a + b b c , this solves to d = a + b a b .
Then by the law of cosines on △ B C D , ( a + b a c ) 2 = a 2 + ( a + b a b ) 2 − 2 ⋅ a ⋅ a + b a b cos θ , which simplifies to c 2 = ( a + b ) 2 + b 2 − 2 ( a + b ) b cos θ , and by the law of cosines on △ A C D , ( a + b b c ) 2 = b 2 + ( a + b a b ) 2 − 2 ⋅ b ⋅ a + b a b cos θ , which simplifies to c 2 = ( a + b ) 2 + a 2 − 2 ( a + b ) a cos θ .
Therefore, c 2 = ( a + b ) 2 + b 2 − 2 ( a + b ) b cos θ = ( a + b ) 2 + a 2 − 2 ( a + b ) a cos θ , which rearranges to cos θ = 2 1 , so θ = 6 0 ° and ∠ C = 2 θ = 1 2 0 ° .