Given is the circumcentre of , let , and be respectively the points on , and such that , and . Then what is the necessary geometric relation between and ?
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Solution:
By the definition of the circumcentre, G D , G E and G F are the ⊥ bisectors of B C , A C and A B respectively. In particular, D , E and F are the midpoints of B C , A C and A B respectively. By the midpoint theorem, joining the midpoints D and E with a line yields the segment D E being parallel to A B .
Let F G produced meet D E at J . Since D E is parallel to A B , we have ∠ F J D = ∠ A F G as a pair of alternate angles. Since G F ⊥ A B , we have ∠ A F G = 9 0 ∘ . Hence ∠ F J D = ∠ A F G = 9 0 ∘ . Therefore, F J is an altitude with respect to D E in △ D E F .
Similarly, by joining D F and E F , we will have D G produced and E G produced being perpendicular to F E and D F respectively.
In conclusion, G is the orthocentre of △ D E F . □