Circumcircle and Tangents

Geometry Level 3

Let triangle A B C ABC be a right triangle such that its hypotenuse A C AC has length 10 10 and B A C = 15 ° ∠BAC=15° . Let O O be the center of the circumcircle of triangle A B C ABC . Let E E and F F be the point of intersection of the lines tangent to the circumcircle at points A A and B B and points B B and C C , respectively. Find the area of triangle O E F OEF .


The answer is 50.

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2 solutions

N. Aadhaar Murty
Feb 6, 2021

\(\text{Since ABC is a right triangle, the circumcenter is the midpoint of the hypotenuse (using Thale's theorem)} \) Since ABC is a right triangle, the circumcenter is the midpoint of the hypotenuse (using Thale’s theorem) \text{Since ABC is a right triangle, the circumcenter is the midpoint of the hypotenuse (using Thale's theorem)}

By the alternate segment theorem , all the angles having the same color are equal to each other. Also,

A B = 10 cos ( π 12 ) , B C = 10 sin ( π 12 ) AB = 10 \cos\left(\frac {\pi}{12}\right), BC = 10 \sin\left(\frac {\pi}{12}\right)

Using the law of sines we have -

B F = B C sin ( π 12 ) sin ( 5 π 6 ) , B E = A B sin ( 5 π 12 ) sin ( π 6 ) BF = \frac {BC \cdot \sin(\frac {\pi}{12})}{\sin(\frac {5\pi}{6})} , BE = \frac {AB \cdot \sin (\frac {5\pi}{12})}{\sin(\frac {\pi}{6})}

Since O B = 5 OB = 5 , substituting in values we get [ O E F ] [\triangle OEF] = [ O F B ] [\triangle OFB] + [ O E B ] [\triangle OEB] = 5 2 ( B F + B E ) = 5 2 ( 10 sin 2 ( π 12 ) sin ( 5 π 6 ) + 10 cos ( π 12 ) sin ( 5 π 12 ) sin ( π 6 ) ) = 50 \frac {5}{2}(BF+BE) = \dfrac{5}{2} \left(\dfrac{10\sin^2(\frac {\pi}{12})}{\sin(\frac {5\pi}{6})} + \dfrac {10\cos(\frac {\pi}{12}) \cdot \sin(\frac {5\pi}{12})}{\sin(\frac {\pi}{6})}\right) = \boxed {50}

David Vreken
Feb 7, 2021

Since A B C \triangle ABC is a right triangle, the circumcenter O O is at the midpoint of C A CA , so that the radius is C O = O A = O B = 5 CO = OA = OB = 5 .

O B A \triangle OBA is an isosceles triangle, so if B A C = 15 ° \angle BAC = 15° then O B A = 15 ° \angle OBA = 15° , which means B O A = 180 ° 15 ° 15 ° = 150 ° \angle BOA = 180° - 15° - 15° = 150° .

Since O B E = O A E = 90 ° \angle OBE = \angle OAE = 90° , O B E A OBEA is a cyclical quadrilateral, which means B E A = 180 ° B O A = 180 ° 150 ° = 30 ° \angle BEA = 180° - \angle BOA = 180° - 150° = 30° .

By alternate interior angles of parallel segments F C E A FC || EA , G F C = B E A = 30 ° \angle GFC = \angle BEA = 30° .

Since G F C = B E A = 30 ° \angle GFC = \angle BEA = 30° , G F = 2 G C GF = 2GC and G E = 2 G A GE = 2GA .

Since G E = G F + F E GE = GF + FE and G A = G C + C A GA = GC + CA , by substitution, G E = 2 G C + F E = 2 G A = 2 G C + 2 C A GE = 2GC + FE = 2GA = 2GC + 2CA , so that F E = 2 C A = 2 10 = 20 FE = 2CA = 2 \cdot 10 = 20 .

Therefore, O E F \triangle OEF has a base of F E = 20 FE = 20 and a height of O B = 5 OB = 5 , so its area is 1 2 20 5 = 50 \frac{1}{2} \cdot 20 \cdot 5 = \boxed{50} .

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