Classical Inequalities addicts can do this. Part 7

Algebra Level 3

The sum of squares of 3 positive real numbers is 36. If the smallest possible value of the sum of their fifth powers is in the form s h s \sqrt{h} , where h h is a square-free integer, what is the value of s + 2 h s + 2h ?


For more problems like this, try answering this set .


The answer is 870.

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1 solution

Christian Daang
Oct 25, 2017

Let f ( α ) = α 5 f(\alpha) = \alpha^5 .

By Cauchy Schwartz Inequality,

( a + b + c ) 2 3 ( a 2 + b 2 + c 2 ) ( a + b + c ) 2 3 ( 36 ) a + b + c 6 3 \begin{aligned} (a+b+c)^2 & \le 3(a^2 + b^2 + c^2) \\ (a+b+c)^2 & \le 3(36) \\ a+b+c &\le 6\sqrt{3} \end{aligned}

Since f ( α ) f(\alpha) is convex at [ 0 , + ) [0, +\infty) , Jensen's inequality can be used.

Then,

3 f ( a + b + c 3 ) 3 f ( 2 3 ) f ( a ) + f ( b ) + f ( c ) a 5 + b 5 + c 5 3 ( 2 3 ) 5 = 3 32 9 3 = 864 3 \begin{aligned} 3f\left(\dfrac{a+b+c}{3}\right) \le 3f(2\sqrt{3}) & \le f(a) + f(b) + f(c) \\ a^5 + b^5 + c^5 & \ge 3(2\sqrt{3})^5 = 3*32*9\sqrt{3} = 864\sqrt{3} \end{aligned}

min ( a 5 + b 5 + c 5 ) = 864 3 s + 2 h = 870 \min(a^5 + b^5 + c^5) = 864\sqrt{3} \implies \boxed{s + 2h = 870}


Another Sol: Using power-mean inequality,

a 5 + b 5 + c 5 3 5 a 2 + b 2 + c 2 3 a 5 + b 5 + c 5 3 ( 12 ) 5 = 432 12 = 864 3 s + 2 h = 870 \sqrt[5]{\dfrac{a^5 + b^5 + c^5}{3}} \ge \sqrt{\dfrac{a^2 + b^2 + c^2}{3}} \\ a^5 + b^5 + c^5 \ge 3\left( \sqrt{12} \right)^5 = 432\sqrt{12} = 864\sqrt{3} \\ \therefore \boxed{s + 2h = 870} .

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