An equipment manager is cleaning up after the big game. He needs to organize 8 identical bats into 4 identical racks. How many ways are there for him to distribute the bats if each rack gets at least one bat?
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Relevant wiki: Identical Objects into Identical Bins
This can be modeled as the number of partitions of n = 8 into exactly r = 4 parts.
This is equivalent to p ( 8 , 4 ) , the number of partitions of 8 for which 4 is the largest part. With 4 as the largest part, there is 4 left to be partitioned. p ( 4 ) = 5 , so there are 5 ways to distributed the bats.
Incidentally, the partitions of 8 into exactly 4 parts are: 5 + 1 + 1 + 1 4 + 2 + 1 + 1 3 + 3 + 1 + 1 3 + 2 + 2 + 1 2 + 2 + 2 + 2
There are the same number of partitions of 8 for which 4 is the largest part: 4 + 4 4 + 3 + 1 4 + 2 + 2 4 + 2 + 1 + 1 4 + 1 + 1 + 1 + 1