Clever Manipulations 1

Algebra Level 4

Let p , q , r p,~q,~r be the roots of the equation x 3 2 x 2 + 2 x 11 = 0. x^3-2x^2+2x-11=0. Determine the value of the product ( p 2 2 q r ) ( q 2 2 p r ) ( r 2 2 p q ) . \left(p^2-2qr\right)\left(q^2-2pr\right)\left(r^2-2pq\right).


The answer is -49.

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5 solutions

Tom Zhou
Oct 4, 2014

By Vieta, we have p + q + r = 2 p+q+r=2 and p q + q r + p r = 2 pq+qr+pr=2 so p 2 + q 2 + r 2 = ( p + q + r ) 2 2 ( p q + p r + q r ) = 0 p^2+q^2+r^2=(p+q+r)^2-2(pq+pr+qr)=0 . So we can substitute p 2 = q 2 r 2 p^2=-q^2-r^2 into p 2 2 q r p^2-2qr to get that

p 2 2 q r = q 2 2 q r r 2 = ( q + r ) 2 p^2-2qr=-q^2-2qr-r^2=-(q+r)^2

We also have that q + r = 2 p q+r=2-p so p 2 2 q r = ( 2 r ) 2 p^2-2qr=-(2-r)^2 . Doing similarly for the other two, we get the desired product as

[ ( 2 r ) ( 2 p ) ( 2 q ) ] 2 -[(2-r)(2-p)(2-q)]^2

Rather than expanding this, we note that x 3 2 x 2 + 2 x 11 = ( x p ) ( x q ) ( x r ) x^3-2x^2+2x-11=(x-p)(x-q)(x-r) since p , q p,q , and r r are the three roots. Thus substituting x = 2 x=2 matches the expression above so

2 3 2 ( 2 2 ) + 2 ( 2 ) 11 = 7 = ( 2 r ) ( 2 p ) ( 2 q ) 2^3-2(2^2)+2(2)-11=-7=(2-r)(2-p)(2-q)

so [ ( 2 r ) ( 2 p ) ( 2 q ) ] 2 = 49 -[(2-r)(2-p)(2-q)]^2=\boxed{-49} .

This question freaked the hell out of me as I was getting a negative answer and I couldn't really believe that I had done a 250 pt question so fast and I spent another 20 mins just verifying the solution.

Aneesh Kundu - 6 years, 7 months ago

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Next time, be confident

Mayank Singh - 6 years, 3 months ago

i did exactly same .... :)

Nihar Mahajan - 6 years, 4 months ago

did the same way!!@ @Zhou ZeHao

Rudresh Tomar - 6 years, 7 months ago

omg.... nice solution!!

Kanav Gupta - 6 years, 7 months ago

The same way exactly....

Pulkit Deshmukh - 5 years, 9 months ago

Your solution is very nice & beautiful.. Woww!!

Sanjeet Raria - 6 years, 7 months ago
Sanjeet Raria
Oct 20, 2014

Since p q r = 11 pqr=11 ( p 2 2 q r ) = ( p 2 22 p ) \Rightarrow (p^2-2qr)=(p^2-\frac{22}{p}) So our required expression becomes- ( p 3 22 ) ( q 3 22 ) ( r 3 22 ) p q r \frac{(p^3-22)(q^3-22)(r^3-22)}{pqr} = ( p 3 22 ) ( q 3 22 ) ( r 3 22 ) 11 = P 11 ( s a y ) =\frac{(p^3-22)(q^3-22)(r^3-22)}{11}=\frac{P}{11}(say) Now we need to find P P . One way we can do that is to put x = ( y + 22 ) 1 3 x=(y+22)^{\frac{1}{3}} so that the new cubic obtained has P P as the product of its three roots- ( p 3 22 ) , ( q 3 22 ) (p^3-22),(q^3-22) & ( r 3 22 ) (r^3-22) . I will directly write the new equation which is: y 3 + 37 y 2 + 415 y + 539 = 0 y^3+37y^2+415y+539=0 Now from here P = 539 P=-539 P 11 = 49 \huge \Rightarrow \frac{P}{11}=\boxed{-49}

Mehul Chaturvedi
Dec 18, 2014

( p 2 2 q r ) ( q 2 2 p r ) ( r 2 2 p q ) \left( { p }^{ 2 }-2qr \right) \left( { q }^{ 2 }-2pr \right) \left( { r }^{ 2 }-2pq \right)

Which give us

7 ( p q r ) 2 2 ( p 3 q 3 + q 3 r 3 + r 3 p 3 ) + 4 p q r ( p 3 + q 3 + r 3 ) . . . . . . ( i ) -7{ \left( pqr \right) }^{ 2 }-2\left( { p }^{ 3 }{ q }^{ 3 }+{ q }^{ 3 }{ r }^{ 3 }+{ r }^{ 3 }{ p }^{ 3 } \right) +4pqr\left( { p }^{ 3 }+{ q }^{ 3 }+{ r }^{ 3 } \right) ......\left( i \right)

Now By Vieta we have

p q r = 11 p + q + r = 2 p q + q r + p r = 2 pqr=11\\ p+q+r=2\\ pq+qr+pr=2

We know

( a + b + c ) 3 = a 3 + b 3 + c 3 + 3 [ ( a + b + c ) ( a b + b c + c a ) a b c ] \left( a+b+c \right) ^{ 3 }={ a }^{ 3 }+{ b }^{ 3 }+{ c }^{ 3 }+3\left[ \left( a+b+c \right) \left( ab+bc+ca \right) -abc \right]

Putting a = p , b = q a n d c = r a=p\quad ,\quad b=q\quad and\quad c=r

We get p 3 + q 3 + r 3 = 29 p^{ 3 }+{ q }^{ 3 }+{ r }^{ 3 }=29

Similarly by putting

a = p q b = q r a n d c = p r a=pq\quad b=qr\quad and\quad c=pr

we get p q 3 + q r 3 + r p 3 = 239 pq^{ 3 }+{ qr }^{ 3 }+{ rp }^{ 3 }=239

now plugging all these values in . . . . ( i ) \quad \quad ....(i)

w e g e t 7 ( 11 ) 2 2 ( 239 ) + 44 ( 29 ) we\quad get\quad -7{ \left( 11 \right) }^{ 2 }-2\left( 239 \right) +44\left( 29 \right)

49 \huge{\Rightarrow -\boxed{49}}

i did it the same way too...

Arijit ghosh Dastidar - 5 years, 11 months ago

did same...

Dev Sharma - 5 years, 6 months ago

is it like 8+8+8+3[2 2 -11] ? bcz this is what I did but did not get 29? how to solve it correctly?

Nishant Sood - 4 years, 10 months ago

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8+8+8+3[2x2-11]

Nishant Sood - 4 years, 10 months ago
Priontu Chowdhury
Jul 13, 2015

I was making mistakes using the other methods for some reason so I settled for this alternative solution using Newton's sums.

Rwit Panda
Jun 27, 2015

Same solution here too!

I see many have solved it but due to the enormous length of the solution, few wanna post the solution.

Thst applies for me too.

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