Let f ( x ) be a monic polynomial of degree 2 0 0 9 such that f ( m ) = 1 for m = 1 , 2 , 3 , ⋯ , 2 0 0 9 . Find 2 0 1 0 ( f ( 2 0 1 0 ) − 2 0 0 9 ! ) .
Note that monic means that the leading coefficient of the polynomial is 1.
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I think you mean f ( 2 0 1 0 ) = 2 0 0 9 ! + 1 .
Yes, I realized that f ( x ) = ( x − 1 ) ( x − 2 ) ( x − 3 ) … ( x − 2 0 0 9 ) + 1 . Thus, f ( 2 0 1 0 ) will just be 2 0 0 9 ! + 1 , and we're simply asked to find 2 0 1 0 ( 1 ) = 2 0 1 0 . Great problem @Aayush Gupta ! :D
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Call g ( x ) = f ( x ) − 1 . This means that the roots of g ( x ) are 1 , 2 , 3 . . . 2 0 0 9 . Since f ( x ) is monic with degree 2 0 0 9 , g ( x ) is also monic with degree 2 0 0 9 , since we are not changing the leading coefficient or degree when subtracting 1 . Thus, we can factor g ( x ) as g ( x ) = ( x − 1 ) ( x − 2 ) ( x − 3 ) . . . . ( x − 2 0 0 9 ) . Thus, g ( 2 0 1 0 ) = 2 0 0 9 ! , and so f ( 2 0 1 0 ) = 2 0 0 9 ! + 1 . Substituting this into the answer format, we find the final answer as 2 0 1 0 .