Coefficient and root

Algebra Level pending

a x 2 + b x + c = 0 ax^{2}+bx+c=0 and a,b,c are integers.

The equation doesn't have rational root if

a, b, c are odd a is even, b and c are odd a, b, c are even a is odd, b and c are even

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1 solution

Tom Engelsman
Jan 6, 2021

The answer is when a , b , c a,b,c are all odd integers.

P R O O F : PROOF:

Let x = p q x = \frac{p}{q} be a rational root ( p , q Z , q 0 , p,q \in \mathbb{Z}, q \neq 0, and p , q p, q both not even). This in turn gives us:

a p 2 + b p q + c q 2 = 0 ap^2 + bpq + cq^2 = 0 .

If p , q = p, q = odd AND a , b , c = a,b,c = odd, then we have a contradiction since the sum of three odd integers can never equal zero. If p = p = even (odd), q = q = odd (even) AND a , b , c = a,b,c = odd, then we have the sum of two even integers & one odd integer (which is also odd and a contradiction).

Therefore, no rational roots exist when a , b , c a,b,c are all odd integers.

Q . E . D . \mathbb{Q.} \mathbb{E.} \mathbb{D.}

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