Collision

Whole system is placed at smooth surface, find the maximum compression of spring?

0.4m 1.5m 1m 0.8m

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1 solution

The equation of relative motion of the two body system is :

d v r e l d t = F 2 m 2 F 1 m 1 F 12 μ \dfrac{d\vec v_{rel}}{dt}=\dfrac{\vec {F_2}}{m_2}-\dfrac {\vec {F_1}}{m_1}-\dfrac {\vec F_{12}}{\mu} . Here F 1 = 40 \vec {F_1}=40 N is the force applied to the body of mass m 1 = 40 m_1=40 kg., F 2 = 20 \vec {F_2}=20 N is the force applied to the body of mass m 2 = 10 m_2=10 kg., F 12 \vec F_{12} is the force exerted by the spring on the bodies, equal to 56 x r e l 56\vec x_{rel} N, x r e l \vec x_{rel} is the displacement of the first body relative to the second, v r e l \vec v_{rel} is their relative velocity, and μ = m 1 m 2 m 1 + m 2 = 8 \mu=\dfrac{m_1m_2}{m_1+m_2}=8 kg. is the reduced mass of the system. Solving this equation using the initial condition we get

v r e l 2 = 1 + 6 x r e l 7 x r e l 2 v_{rel}^2=1+6x_{rel}-7x_{rel}^2 .

When the spring compression is maximum, v r e l = 0 v_{rel}=0 . This will happen when 7 x r e l 2 6 x r e l 1 = 0 x r e l = 1 7x_{rel}^2-6x_{rel}-1=0\implies x_{rel}=\boxed 1 m.

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