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How many unordered pairs ( a , b ) (a , b) of positive integers a a and b b are there such that their lowest common multiple is 126000?


The answer is 473.

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2 solutions

126000 = 2 4 × 3 2 × 5 3 × 7 126000=2^4\times 3^2 \times 5^3 \times 7

Therefor we can assume,

a = 2 x 1 × 3 x 2 × 5 x 3 × 7 x 4 a=2^{x_1} \times 3^{x_2} \times 5^{x_3} \times 7^{x_4}

b = 2 y 1 × 3 y 2 × 5 y 3 × 7 y 4 b=2^{y_1} \times 3^{y_2} \times 5^{y_3} \times 7^{y_4}

Now by definition of LCM ,

m a x ( x 1 , y 1 ) = 4 max(x_1,y_1)=4

m a x ( x 2 , y 2 ) = 2 max(x_2,y_2)=2

m a x ( x 3 , y 3 ) = 3 max(x_3,y_3)=3

m a x ( x 4 , y 4 ) = 1 max(x_4,y_4)=1

For m a x ( x 1 , y 1 ) = 4 max(x_1,y_1)=4 the choices are { ( 4 , 0 ) , ( 4 , 1 ) , ( 4 , 2 ) , ( 4 , 3 ) , ( 4 , 4 ) , ( 3 , 4 ) , ( 2 , 4 ) , ( 1 , 4 ) , ( 0 , 4 ) } \{(4,0),(4,1),(4,2),(4,3),(4,4),(3,4),(2,4),(1,4),(0,4)\}

That means there 2 × 4 + 1 = 9 2 \times 4+1=9 choices for m a x ( x 1 , y 1 ) = 4 max(x_1,y_1)=4

Similarly , there are 2 × 2 + 1 = 5 2 \times 2+1=5 choices for m a x ( x 2 , y 2 ) = 2 max(x_2,y_2)=2

2 × 3 + 1 = 7 2 \times 3+1=7 choices for m a x ( x 3 , y 3 ) = 3 max(x_3,y_3)=3

2 × 1 + 1 = 3 2 \times 1+1=3 choices for m a x ( x 4 , y 4 ) = 1 max(x_4,y_4)=1

So the number of ordered pair is 9 × 5 × 7 × 3 = 945 9\times 5\times 7\times 3=945

Therefor number of un-ordered pair is 945 1 2 + 1 = 473 \frac{945-1}{2}+1=\fbox{473}

Parag Zode
May 24, 2014

LCM of {a , b} = 1,26,000 = 2^4 x 3^2 x 5^3 x 7 If 2^4 / a then b can be 2^0 , 2^1 , 2^2 , 2^3 ,2^4.... and then if 2^4 / b then a can be 2^0 , 2^1 , 2^2 , 2^3 , 2^4.. therefore a and b may have LCM 2^4 in 5 + 5 - 1 = 9 ways Similarly for 3^2, number of ways = 5 Similarly for 5^3, number of ways = 7 Similarly for 7, number of ways = 3 So, number of ordered pairs = 9 x 5 x 7 x 3 = 945 Number of unordered pairs = 945+1/2 = 946/2 = 473

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