Suppose that identical promo coupons are to be distributed to a group of people, with no assurance that everyone will get a coupon. If there are 165 more ways to distribute these to four people than there are ways to distribute these to three people, what is ?
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There are ( 3 n + 3 ) ways of distributing n identical objects among four people, and ( 2 n + 2 ) ways of distributing n identical objects among three people. Thus we want ( 3 n + 3 ) − ( 2 n + 2 ) 6 1 ( n + 3 ) ( n + 2 ) ( n + 1 ) − 2 1 ( n + 2 ) ( n + 1 ) 6 1 n ( n + 1 ) ( n + 2 ) = 1 6 5 = 1 6 5 = 1 6 5 and hence n = 9 .