A probability problem by Aly Ahmed

If ( 10 x ) > 10 \dbinom {10}x > 10 and ( x 6 ) > x \dbinom x 6 > x , find x x .


The answer is 8.

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2 solutions

It is obvious that 6 x 10 6\leq x\leq 10 .

Since ( 6 6 ) 6\choose 6 = 1 =1 ,

( 7 6 ) 7\choose 6 = 7 =7 ,

( 10 10 ) 10\choose 10 = 1 =1 ,

and ( 10 9 ) 10\choose 9 = 10 =10 , therefore x = 8 x=\boxed 8 .

Chew-Seong Cheong
Jun 26, 2020

Given that

( 10 x ) = 10 ! x ! ( 10 x ) ! 10 ! x ! ( 10 x ) ! > 10 x ! ( 10 x ) ! < 9 ! x < 9 \begin{aligned} \binom {10}x & = \frac {10!}{x!(10-x)!} \\ \frac {10!}{x!(10-x)!} & > 10 \\ x!(10-x)! & < 9! \\ \implies x & < 9 \end{aligned}

( x 6 ) = x ! 6 ! ( x 6 ) ! x ! 6 ! ( x 6 ) ! > x ( x 1 ) ! > 6 ! ( x 6 ) ! x 1 > 6 x > 7 \begin{aligned} \binom x 6 & = \frac {x!}{6!(x-6)!} \\ \frac {x!}{6!(x-6)!} & > x \\ (x-1)! & > 6!(x-6)! \\ \implies x - 1 & > 6 \\ x & > 7 \end{aligned}

Now 7 < x < 9 x = 8 7 < x < 9 \implies x = \boxed 8 .

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