Combinatorics monster???

Mayank is watching a monster TV show and Akul is studying mathematics. Suddenly a constructive interference occurs between the two. Mayank writes the word Mathematics 2015 times and asks Akul :-

How many words can be made with the letters of the word MATHEMATICS so that the M's and T's come alternatively and the letters appear exactly 2015 number of times as they appear in the word MATHEMATICS?

Akul, not so good in mathematics, decides to take help of his brilliant friends. Help him please...

The answer is in the form d × ( a ! b ! × c ! × e ! 5 ) d\times(\frac{a!}{b!\times c!\times e!^{5}})

where a, b, c, d and e are integers and d is the minimum integer possible. Give your answer as a+b+c+d+e.

Details and Assumptions

  • By alternatively I mean that there is only one T between two cosecutive M's and vice versa.
  • Letters appear 2015 times means that if a particular letter appears n times in word MATHEMATICS, it will appear 2015n times in the word formed.

We've got more for you at the set Mayank and Akul


The answer is 36272.

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2 solutions

Arjen Vreugdenhil
Sep 22, 2015

Let N = 2015 N = 2015 for convenience.

Since the order of M and T among themselves is fixed, we lump them together as "X". Thus we must find the number of possible arrangements of X 4 N A 2 N H N E N I N C N S N . \text{X}^{4N}\ \ \text{A}^{2N}\ \ \text{H}^{N}\ \ \text{E}^{N}\ \ \text{I}^{N}\ \ \text{C}^{N}\ \ \text{S}^{N}. The ways in which this can be done is ( 4 N + 2 N + N + N + N + N + N ) ! ( 4 N ) ! ( 2 N ) ! N ! N ! N ! N ! N ! = ( 11 N ) ! ( 4 N ) ! ( 2 N ) ! ( N ! ) 5 ; \frac{(4N+2N+N+N+N+N+N)!}{(4N)!\ (2N)!\ N!\ N!\ N!\ N!\ N!} = \frac{(11N)!}{(4N)!\ (2N)!\ (N!)^5}; however, since the first of the "X"s may be chosen to be either M or T, we must double this, so that the number of words is 2 22165 ! 8060 ! 4030 ! ( 2015 ! ) 5 . 2\cdot\frac{22165!}{8060!\cdot 4030!\cdot (2015!)^5}. Add: 22165 + 8060 + 4030 + 2 + 2015 = 36272. 22165 + 8060 + 4030 + 2 + 2015 = 36272.

Order of M and T among themselves is fixed... so what

Akul Agrawal - 5 years, 8 months ago

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Simpler example: The number of permutations of MATHM is 5!/2! = 60.

But if we are told that the T is located between the two M's, their relative order is fixed, and we must count permutations of XAXHX, which is only 5!/3! = 20.

Arjen Vreugdenhil - 5 years, 8 months ago

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Yeah nyc solution sir. I was expecting such a solution on brilliant. upvoted

Akul Agrawal - 5 years, 8 months ago

Addition is wrong. It should give 34257 the way it is written. You obviously include e=2015 in the sum. The problem should be changed to ask for a+b+c+d+e or the answer should be corrected.

Dobromir Dimitrov - 5 years, 7 months ago

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Thanx corrected. As far as I remember it was correct earlier. I think some of the moderators changed it.

Akul Agrawal - 5 years, 7 months ago
Akul Agrawal
Sep 8, 2015

L e t s G e n e r a l i z e f o r l e t t e r s w r i t t e n n t i m e s L e t M a n d T b e p l a c e d i n o r d e r M T M T M T M T . . . 4 n l e t t e r s 1 . . . 4 n + 1 p l a c e s ( t o p l a c e r e s t l e t t e r s ) l e t s p a c e s b e x i 1 i 4 n + 1 = > x 1 + x 2 + x 3 + x 4 + . . . = 7 n ( n ( 11 4 ) ) 2 x i 0 n o . o f s o l u t i o n s = c o e f f i c i e n t o f x 7 n i n ( 1 + x + x 2 + . . . ) 4 n + 1 = c o e f f i c i e n t o f x 7 n i n ( 1 x ) ( 4 n + 1 ) = ( 11 n 7 n ) N o w i n c l u d i n g r e a r r a n g e m e n t s i n 1 a n d 2 ( 11 n ) ! ( 7 n ) ! ( 4 n ) ! ( 7 n ) ! ( 2 n ) ! ( n ! ) 5 2 = 2 × ( 11 n ) ! ( 4 n ) ! ( 2 n ) ! ( n ! ) 5 p l u g i n n = 2015 a n d g e t a n s w e r Let's\quad Generalize\quad for\quad letters\quad written\quad n\quad times\\ Let\quad M\quad and\quad T\quad be\quad placed\quad in\quad order\\ \quad M\quad \quad T\quad \quad M\quad \quad T\quad \quad M\quad \quad T\quad \quad M\quad \quad T\quad ...\quad 4n\quad letters\quad \cdots \quad 1\\ \uparrow \quad \quad \uparrow \quad \quad \uparrow \quad \quad \uparrow \quad \quad \uparrow \quad \quad \uparrow \quad \quad \uparrow \quad \quad \uparrow \quad ...\quad 4n+1\quad places\\ \quad (to\quad place\quad rest\quad letters)\\ let\quad spaces\quad be\quad { x }_{ i }\quad 1\le i\le 4n+1\\ =>\quad { x }_{ 1 }+{ x }_{ 2 }+{ x }_{ 3 }+{ x }_{ 4 }+...=7n\quad (n*(11-4))\quad \cdots \quad 2\\ { x }_{ i }\ge 0\\ no.\quad of\quad solutions\quad =\quad coefficient\quad of\quad { x }^{ 7n }\quad in\quad { (1+x+{ x }^{ 2 }+...) }^{ 4n+1 }\\ \quad \qquad \qquad \qquad \qquad \quad =\quad coefficient\quad of\quad { x }^{ 7n }\quad in\quad { (1-x) }^{ -(4n+1) }\\ \qquad \qquad \qquad \qquad \quad \quad =\quad (\begin{matrix} 11n \\ 7n \end{matrix})\\ Now\quad including\quad rearrangements\quad in\quad 1\quad and\quad 2\\ \frac { (11n)! }{ (7n)!(4n)! } \cdot \frac { (7n)! }{ (2n)!{ (n!) }^{ 5 } } \cdot 2\quad =\quad 2\times \frac { (11n)! }{ (4n)!(2n)!{ (n!) }^{ 5 } } \\ plug\quad in\quad n=2015\quad and\quad get\quad answer

Hey I just considered MTM.....T as one letter and solved it as 7n+1letters and at last multiplied the result by 2 as a possibility of TMTM....M . Can you please tell me where I am wrong.

Adarsh Adi - 3 years, 2 months ago

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