Combinatorics was never easy

Several small villages are situated on the banks of a straight river. On one side, there are 20 villages in a row, and on the other there are 15 villages in a row. I would like to build bridges, each of which connects a village on the one side with a village on the other side. The bridges must be straight, must not cross, and it should be possible to get from any village to any other village using only those bridges (and not any roads that might exist between villages on the same side of the river). How many different ways are there to build the bridges?


The answer is 818809200.

This section requires Javascript.
You are seeing this because something didn't load right. We suggest you, (a) try refreshing the page, (b) enabling javascript if it is disabled on your browser and, finally, (c) loading the non-javascript version of this page . We're sorry about the hassle.

1 solution

Ahmad Khamis
Jan 31, 2016

For each village on one side, let us consider the set of villages on the other side it directly connects to.

Label the villages on one side from v 1 v_1 to v 15 v_{15} and the other side from u 1 u_1 to u 20 u_{20} .

Clearly, the highest numbered village v i v_i connects to equal to the lowest numbered village v i + 1 v_{i+1} connects to. If it is more, the two bridges will intersect. Hence it is less than or equal. If it is less, then if v i v_i connects to u j u_j and v i + 1 v_{i+1} connects to u k u_k with j < k j<k , u k u_k is not indirectly connected to v i v_i .

If a village v i v_i directly connects to u a u_a and u b u_b , it is directly connected to u c u_c where a c b a\leq c\leq b . This can be obtained from the fact that if u c u_c is connected to something else, then it causes an intersection of bridges, hence, u c u_c would connect to v i v_i .

Hence, this "partitions" the villages on one side into the villages of the other side. Instead of "partitioning" the villages, we look at the bridges. Each bridge is associated to exactly one village v i v_i . We partition all 20 + 15 1 20+15-1 bridges into 15 15 villages. By stars and bars or otherwise, we get the answer of ( ( 20 1 ) + ( 15 1 ) ( 15 1 ) ) {(20-1)+(15-1)\choose(15-1)} .

Moderator note:

Nice bijection.

You can simplify the final paragraph of the solution slightly, by realizing that we are asking for the number of sequences of non-increasing integers from 1 to 20, that are of length 15.

0 pending reports

×

Problem Loading...

Note Loading...

Set Loading...