Let R be the region in the first quadrant that is
(i) inside the circle x 2 + ( y − 3 ) 2 = 9 , and
(ii) outside the circles x 2 + ( y − 2 ) 2 = 4 and x 2 + ( y − 5 ) 2 = 1 .
(The boundary lines of R are included as part of the region.)
The largest circle that can be inscribed in R has radius r = b a , where a and b are positive coprime integers. Find a + b .
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Alternately , use Heron's formula and state that area(BCD) = area(ABD) *2 ... for both triangles , s = 3.
Obviously the largest circle should be tangent to all the other three circles which are given hence by Descartes'rule we can solve for the curvature of the circle and finally it's radius.Here we go ( k 1 + k 2 + k 3 + k 4 ) 2 = 2 ( k 1 2 + k 2 2 + k 3 2 + k 4 2 ) where k 1 = − 3 1 a n d k 2 = 2 1 k 3 = 1 k 4 = x where k is the curvature i.e. reciporcal of the radius of the circles pluging in these values and after solving we get r = 7 6
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Let A , B , C , D be the respective centers of the radius 2 , 3 , 1 , r circles.
Then A B = 1 , B C = 2 , A D = 2 + r , B D = 3 − r and C D = 1 + r .
Let ∠ A B D = x ; then ∠ C B D = π − x .
Now use the Cosine Law on triangles A B D and C B D to find that
(i) ( 2 + r ) 2 = 1 + ( 3 − r ) 2 − 2 ∗ ( 3 − r ) ∗ cos ( x ) and
(ii) ( 1 + r ) 2 = 4 + ( 3 − r ) 2 + 4 ∗ ( 3 − r ) ∗ cos ( x ) .
Multiply equation (i) by 2 and add to equation (ii) and simplify to find that r = 7 6 .
Thus a = 6 , b = 7 and a + b = 1 3 .