Complenometry

Geometry Level 4

sin ( 2 π 7 ) + sin ( 4 π 7 ) + sin ( 8 π 7 ) \sin\left (\frac{2π}{7} \right )+\sin\left (\frac{4π}{7} \right )+\sin \left(\frac{8π}{7} \right )

The value of the expression above can be expressed in the form a + b c a+\frac{\sqrt{b}}{c} where a , b , c a,b,c are whole numbers with b b is square-free.

Find a + b + c a+b+c .

This is similar to Know Some Trigonometry


The answer is 9.

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1 solution

Souryajit Roy
Apr 5, 2015

Let t = cos ( 2 π 7 ) + i sin ( 2 π 7 ) t=\cos(\frac{2\pi}{7})+i \sin(\frac{2\pi}{7}) be the seventh root of unity.

Let A = t + t 2 + t 4 A=t+t^{2}+t^{4} and B = t 3 + t 5 + t 6 B=t^{3}+t^{5}+t^{6}

The given expression= ( A ) \Im(A)

Also, A + B = 1 A+B=-1 ... ( a ) (a)

Now, A B = ( t + t 2 + t 4 ) ( t 3 + t 5 + t 6 ) AB=(t+t^{2}+t^{4})(t^{3}+t^{5}+t^{6})

= t 4 + t 6 + t 7 + t 5 + t 7 + t 8 + t 7 + t 9 + t 10 =t^{4}+t^{6}+t^{7}+t^{5}+t^{7}+t^{8}+t^{7}+t^{9}+t^{10}

= 2 + ( 1 + t + t 2 + t 3 + t 4 + t 5 + t 6 ) = 2 + 0 = 2 =2+(1+t+t^{2}+t^{3}+t^{4}+t^{5}+t^{6})=2+0=2

Now, ( A B ) 2 = ( A + B ) 2 4 A B = 1 8 = 7 (A-B)^{2}=(A+B)^{2}-4AB=1-8=-7

So, ( A B ) = i 7 (A-B)=i\sqrt{7} .... ( b ) (b)

Now,one can easily see A = 1 2 + i 7 2 A=\frac{1}{2}+i\frac{\sqrt{7}}{2} .

Hence,the given expression= 7 2 \frac{\sqrt{7}}{2} .

Note:The reason why i neglected the negative sign in ( b ) (b) is as follows-

Obviously, sin ( 2 π 7 ) \sin(\frac{2π}{7}) and sin ( 4 π 7 ) \sin(\frac{4π}{7}) . are both greater than zero.

Again, sin ( 8 π 7 ) = sin ( π 8 π 7 ) = s i n ( π 7 ) = sin ( π 7 ) \sin(\frac{8\pi}{7})=\sin(\pi-\frac{8\pi}{7})=sin(-\frac{\pi}{7})=-\sin(\frac{\pi}{7})

Since, sin \sin function is an increasing function in [ 0 , π 2 ] [0,\frac{\pi}{2}] ,

sin ( 2 π 7 ) > sin ( π 7 ) \sin(\frac{2\pi}{7})>\sin(\frac{\pi}{7}) .So the given expression is greater than 0 0

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