Summing Imaginary Powers

Algebra Level 4

k = 1 n k i k = 1280 + 1281 i \large \sum_{k=1}^n ki^k = 1280 + 1281i

Find n n .

Notation: i = 1 i = \sqrt{-1} denotes the imaginary unit .


The answer is 2561.

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1 solution

Chew-Seong Cheong
Oct 17, 2016

Let S ( n ) = k = 1 n k i k = i 2 3 i + 4 + 5 i 6 7 i + 8 + 9 i . . . + n i n \displaystyle S(n) = \sum_{k=1}^n ki^k = i - 2 - 3i + 4 +5i - 6 -7i + 8 + 9i - ... + ni^n

Note that:

S ( 1 ) = 0 + i S ( 5 ) = 2 + 3 i S ( 9 ) = 4 + 5 i . . . = . . . S ( n ) = n 1 2 + n + 1 2 i where n is odd. = 1280 + 1281 i \begin{aligned} S(1) & = 0 + i \\ S(5) & = 2 + 3 i \\ S(9) & = 4 + 5 i \\ ... \ & = \ ... \\ \implies S(n) & = \frac {n-1}2 + \frac {n+1}2i & \small \color{#3D99F6}{\text{where } n \text{ is odd.}} \\ & = 1280+1281i \end{aligned}

n 1 2 = 1280 n 1 = 2560 n = 2561 \begin{aligned} \implies \frac {n-1}2 & = 1280 \\ n-1 & = 2560 \\ \implies n & = \boxed{2561} \end{aligned}

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