Complex number geometry

Geometry Level 5

Let z 1 , z 2 , z_1, z_2, and z 3 z_3 be complex numbers satisfying z i 3 = 1 |z-i\sqrt{3}|=1 and 3 z 1 + i 3 = 2 z 2 + 2 z 3 3z_{1}+i\sqrt{3}=2z_{2}+2z_{3} .

Find z 1 z 2 \large{|z_{1}-z_{2}|}


The answer is 0.707.

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2 solutions

Tanishq Varshney
May 5, 2015

The mid point of z 2 a n d z 3 z_{2}~and ~z_{3} divides the line joining z 1 z_{1} and i 3 i\sqrt{3} in the ratio 1 : 3 1:3 internally.

3 z 1 + i 3 4 = z 2 + z 3 2 \frac{3z_{1}+i\sqrt{3}}{4}=\frac{z_{2}+z_{3}}{2}

A , B , C A,B,C lie on the circle with centre ( 0 , 3 ) (0,\sqrt{3}) and radius of 1 1 unit in the argand plane .

D O = 3 A O 4 s a n d A D = A O 4 |DO|=|\frac{3AO}{4}|~sand~|AD|=|\frac{AO}{4}|

A O = B O = C O = 1 |AO|=|BO|=|CO|=1 . using pythagoras theorem in right triangle B D O BDO

B D = 7 4 |BD|=\frac{\sqrt{7}}{4}

using pythagoras theorem in right triangle B A D BAD

A B = z 1 z 2 = 1 2 \large{|AB|=|z_{1}-z_{2}|=\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}}

there is another part to the question . (z2-root3i)/(z1-root3i) need some help to that

avi solanki - 4 years, 6 months ago

nice question and solution. but I solved it by shifting my origin to (0,0) ... I replaced z entirely in the question as z+iroot3 and then we have 3z1 = 2z2 + 2z3..... then we can write it as 3z1 - 2z2 = 2z3........taking mod on both sides and using it in mod(z1 -z2) I get the ans as 0.5.... plz help sooooner.....

rajat kharbanda - 6 years, 1 month ago

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plz help...bro...........................

rajat kharbanda - 6 years, 1 month ago

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Can u explain ur method of plugging in the values

Kyle Finch - 6 years, 1 month ago

Rajat, I think you did the mod^2 on 3z1 - 2z2 = 2z3, so you should take square root of 0.5 to get the answer. That is basically how I got the correct answer.

I knew there must be a nice geometry solution, nice work by Tanishq!

Wei Chen - 6 years, 1 month ago

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ok thanks a lot............

rajat kharbanda - 6 years, 1 month ago
Anirban Karan
May 22, 2015

z i 3 = 1 z i 3 = e i θ |z-i\sqrt{3}|=1 \implies z-i\sqrt{3}=e^{i\theta} Now, 3 z 1 + i 3 = 2 z 2 + z 3 3 i 3 + 3 e i θ 1 + i 3 = 2 [ 2 i 3 + e i θ 2 + e i θ 3 ] 3z_{1}+i\sqrt{3}=2z_{2}+z_{3} \implies 3i\sqrt{3}+3e^{i\theta_{1}}+i\sqrt{3}=2[2i\sqrt{3}+e^{i\theta_{2}}+e^{i\theta_{3}}] Taking the real and imaginary part separately we get 3 sin θ 1 2 sin θ 2 = 2 sin θ 3 3\sin{\theta_{1}}-2\sin{\theta_{2}}=2\sin{\theta_{3}} and 3 cos θ 1 2 cos θ 2 = 2 cos θ 3 3\cos{\theta_{1}}-2\cos{\theta_{2}}=2\cos{\theta_{3}} Now take square of these two equations and add them . Then we get, cos ( θ 1 θ 2 ) = 3 4 \cos{(\theta_{1}-\theta_{2})}=\frac{3}{4} Now z 1 z 2 = e i θ 1 e i θ 2 |z_{1}-z_{2}|=|e^{i\theta_{1}}-e^{i\theta_{2}}| = 2 2 cos [ θ 1 θ 2 ] =\sqrt{2-2\cos{[\theta_{1}-\theta_{2}]}} = 2 2 × 3 4 =\sqrt{2-2\times\frac{3}{4}} = 1 2 = 0.707 =\frac{1}{\sqrt{2}}=0.707

Same solution!!

Aakash Khandelwal - 5 years, 3 months ago

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