The complex roots of :
( x + 2 ) 2 + ( x + 3 ) 3 = ( x + 4 ) 4
are c − a ± b i for positive coprime integers a , b , c .
Find a + b + c .
Details and Assumptions
i 2 = − 1
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\text{To simplify calculations, y=x+4 so f(y)= (y-2)^2+(y-1)^3 -y^4}\\f(1)=0, f(-1)=0,\therefore \dfrac{f(y)}{y^2-1}=0\text{ gives function with complex roots.}\\\therefore ~ \dfrac{f(y)}{y^2-1}=y^2-y+3=0.~~\implies~y=\dfrac{1\pm \sqrt{1^2-12}}{2}=\dfrac{1\pm \sqrt{11}i}{2}\\=x+4.~\therefore~a=7,b=11,c=2
After calculating we get xxxx+15xxx+86xx+225x+225=0,This Polynomial can be written as (xx+7x+15)(xx+8x+15)=0.so complex roots are (-7±i√11)/2 ,so a=7,b=11,c=2 and a+b+c=20
Can you please explain how this is different from that of Chew-Seong Cheong ? Thanks.
For an even slightly easier calculation, we can set z = x + 3 , so the equation becomes ( z − 1 ) 2 + z 3 = ( z + 1 ) 4 . Then z=0 and z=-2 are two fairly self-evident real roots, and the variable change gives us x=-3 and x=-5, from which we can use synthetic division to find that the remaining quadratic polynomial is x 2 + 7 x + 1 5 . The solution follows.
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( x + 2 ) 2 + ( x + 3 ) 3 = ( x + 4 ) 4
⇒ ( x 2 + 4 x + 4 ) + ( x 3 + 9 x 2 + 2 7 x + 2 7 ) = x 4 + 1 6 x 3 + 9 6 x 2 + 2 5 6 x + 2 5 6
⇒ x 4 + 1 5 x 3 + 8 6 x 2 + 2 2 5 x + 2 2 5 = 0
⇒ ( x + 3 ) ( x + 5 ) ( x 2 + 7 x + 1 5 ) = 0
⇒ x = − 3 , x = − 5 and
x = 2 − 7 ± 7 2 − 4 ( 2 ) ( 1 5 ) = 2 − 7 ± − 1 1 = 2 − 7 ± 1 1 i
⇒ a = 7 , b = 1 1 and c = 2 ⇒ a + b + c = 7 + 1 1 + 2 = 2 0