Confusing centres

Geometry Level 3

In A B C \triangle ABC , H H is the orthocentre and O O is the circumentre . A line drawn through the midpoint of O H OH and parallel to B C BC cuts A B AB at D D and A C AC at E E . Given O O is also the incentre of A D E \triangle ADE , Find A \angle A .


The answer is 36.

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1 solution

S O L U T I O N : SOLUTION:

We start by proving A B C \triangle ABC is isosceles. Then we proceed by chasing angles and prove B D P H BDPH is a cyclic quad.

Let B \angle B be 2x. And C \angle C be 2y. Then A \angle A will be 180 - 2x - 2y.

As A O AO bisects A \angle A , O A E \angle OAE = 90 - x - y.

O O is the circumcentre of A B C \triangle ABC . So O A E \angle OAE = 90 - 2x.

Equating , we get 90 - 2x = 90 - x - y \Rightarrow x = y.

Thus A B C \triangle ABC is isosceles.

Let O B OB meet D E DE at P P . The midpoint of O H OH be N N . Let M M be the midpoint of B C BC

As O is the incentre of A D E \triangle ADE , A D O \angle ADO = O D N \angle ODN = x.

As O N ON = N H NH and D N DN = N E NE and O H OH \perp D E DE , ODHE is a Rhombus. \Rightarrow N D H \angle NDH = x.

B D H \angle BDH = 180 - 3x. and B D N \angle BDN = 180 - 2x.

B O H \angle BOH = B A O \angle BAO + O B A \angle OBA = 90 - 2x + 90 - 2x = 180 - 4x. = N H P \angle NHP .

B H M \angle BHM = 180 A 2 \frac {180 - \angle A}{2} = 4 x 2 \frac {4x}{2} = 2x.

B H N \angle BHN = 180 - 2x.

B H P \angle BHP = B H N \angle BHN - N H P \angle NHP = 180 - 2x - ( 180 - 4x ) = 2x.

Thus we have B D P \angle BDP = 180 B H P 180 - \angle BHP

So BDPH is a cyclic quadrilateral.

So B D H \angle BDH = B P H \angle BPH

Also B P H \angle BPH = P O H \angle POH + O H P \angle OHP = 180 - 4x + 180 - 4x = 360 - 8x.

So 180 - 3x = 360 - 8x \Rightarrow x = 36.

A \angle A = 180 - 4x = 180 - 4*36 = 36 \boxed {36 }

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