Continuous Coloring

Geometry Level 5

Let T T be an equilateral triangle of side length 1 1 , whose vertices are located at ( 0 , 0 ) , ( 1 , 0 ) (0,0), (1,0) and ( 1 2 , 3 2 ) \left(\frac{1}{2}, \frac{\sqrt{3}}{2}\right) . Let ( f i ) , i = 1 , 2 , 3 , (f_i), i=1,2,3, \ldots be continuous functions such that, f i : [ 0 , 1 ] T f_i : [0,1] \to T i.e., each point in [ 0 , 1 ] [0,1] is mapped to some point in the triangle T T by each function f i f_i .

Think of each f i f_i as a pen with color i i . So that each f i f_i colors its range (which is some portion of the triangle T T ) with the color i i . E.g., if f 1 ( 1 / 3 ) = ( 1 2 , 1 2 ) f_1(1/3)=(\frac{1}{2},\frac{1}{2}) , this means that the point ( 1 2 , 1 2 ) (\frac{1}{2},\frac{1}{2}) is colored '1' by the function f 1 f_1 .

Find the minimum number of continuous functions f i f_i needed to color the entire triangle.

1 infinitely many not possible 2

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1 solution

Abhishek Sinha
Jul 13, 2015

The stunning discovery of the existence of such continuous functions, which span the whole triangle (or square) was made by Peano. See Space-filling curve .

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