There are computers which can communicate among themselves in languages, with the provision that any two computers communicate only in one of these languages.
Statement: There exist at least computers whose mutual language of communication, two by two, is same.
What can be said about the statement?
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Any computer talks to 1 9 5 7 others. By the Pigeon-Hole Principle, this computer must talk to at least 3 2 7 computers in the same language L 1 (say). If any two of these 3 2 7 computers talk to each other in the same language L 1 , we have found our trio of computers. Otherwise we have found 3 2 7 computers that only talk to each other in the other five languages ( L 2 ,..., L 6 ).
Any one of these 3 2 7 computers talks to the other 3 2 6 . By the Pigeon-Hole Principle, this computer must talk to at least 6 6 of the other 3 2 7 in the same language L 2 (say). If any two of these 6 6 computers speak to each other in that language L 2 , we have found our trio of computers. Otherwise we have found 6 6 computers that only talk to each other in four of the six languages L 3 ,..., L 6 .
Again, the Pigeon-Hole Principle tells us that any one of these 6 6 computers talks to at least 1 7 of the others in the same language L 3 (say). If any of these 1 7 speak to each other in the same language L 3 , we are done. Otherwise we have 1 7 computers which only use three languages L 4 , L 5 , L 6 to communicate with each other.
Once again, one of these 1 7 computers must speak to 6 of the others in the same language L 4 (say). If any two of these 6 speak use the same language L 4 to speak to each other, we are done. Otherwise we have found 6 computers which only use two of the languages ( L 5 , L 6 ) to speak to each other.
Finally, any one of these 6 computers must speak to at least 3 in the same language L 5 (say). If any two of these 3 use the same language L 5 between each other, we are done. Otherwise we have a trio of computers which only use the last language L 6 , and we are done.