Conversing Computers

There are 1958 1958 computers which can communicate among themselves in 6 6 languages, with the provision that any two computers communicate only in one of these 6 6 languages.

Statement: There exist at least 3 3 computers whose mutual language of communication, two by two, is same.

What can be said about the statement?

Can't be determined False True

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2 solutions

Mark Hennings
Jan 21, 2018

Any computer talks to 1957 1957 others. By the Pigeon-Hole Principle, this computer must talk to at least 327 327 computers in the same language L 1 L_1 (say). If any two of these 327 327 computers talk to each other in the same language L 1 L_1 , we have found our trio of computers. Otherwise we have found 327 327 computers that only talk to each other in the other five languages ( L 2 L_2 ,..., L 6 L_6 ).

Any one of these 327 327 computers talks to the other 326 326 . By the Pigeon-Hole Principle, this computer must talk to at least 66 66 of the other 327 327 in the same language L 2 L_2 (say). If any two of these 66 66 computers speak to each other in that language L 2 L_2 , we have found our trio of computers. Otherwise we have found 66 66 computers that only talk to each other in four of the six languages L 3 L_3 ,..., L 6 L_6 .

Again, the Pigeon-Hole Principle tells us that any one of these 66 66 computers talks to at least 17 17 of the others in the same language L 3 L_3 (say). If any of these 17 17 speak to each other in the same language L 3 L_3 , we are done. Otherwise we have 17 17 computers which only use three languages L 4 L_4 , L 5 L_5 , L 6 L_6 to communicate with each other.

Once again, one of these 17 17 computers must speak to 6 6 of the others in the same language L 4 L_4 (say). If any two of these 6 6 speak use the same language L 4 L_4 to speak to each other, we are done. Otherwise we have found 6 6 computers which only use two of the languages ( L 5 L_5 , L 6 L_6 ) to speak to each other.

Finally, any one of these 6 6 computers must speak to at least 3 3 in the same language L 5 L_5 (say). If any two of these 3 3 use the same language L 5 L_5 between each other, we are done. Otherwise we have a trio of computers which only use the last language L 6 L_6 , and we are done.

Thank you sir for the solution. I already knew that you would write the solution.

Vilakshan Gupta - 3 years, 4 months ago
Arunava Das
Jan 20, 2018

It is the same as making a closed figure with least number of line segments.. To make a closed figure, we need at least 3 lines, yielding a triangle. Same is the case here, as we can form a closed network of 3 computers communicating in the same language..

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