Coordinate Challenge

Geometry Level 4

A cube with an edge length of 20 20 units, is partially immersed in water whose surface coincides with the x y xy plane. Its edges meeting at the lowest point of the cube, intersect the water surface at ( 12 , 0 , 0 ) (12, 0, 0) , ( 5 , 10 , 0 ) (-5, 10, 0) , ( 11 , 7 , 0 ) (-11, -7, 0) . Determine the coordinates of the cube vertex that is highest above the water surface (that is, the vertex having the greatest z z -coordinate among all the vertices). If the coordinates of that vertex are ( x , y , z (x, y, z ), enter the value of x + y + z x+ y + z .


The answer is 21.648.

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1 solution

Steven Chase
Dec 7, 2018

Suppose the intersection points with the x y xy plane are I 1 , I 2 , I 3 \vec{I_1},\vec{I_2},\vec{I_3} , and that the submerged vertex is P \vec{P} . The three vectors from P \vec{P} to I 1 , I 2 , I 3 \vec{I_1},\vec{I_2},\vec{I_3} must all be perpendicular.

( I 1 x P x ) ( I 2 x P x ) + ( I 1 y P y ) ( I 2 y P y ) + ( I 1 z P z ) ( I 2 z P z ) = 0 ( I 2 x P x ) ( I 3 x P x ) + ( I 2 y P y ) ( I 3 y P y ) + ( I 2 z P z ) ( I 3 z P z ) = 0 ( I 3 x P x ) ( I 1 x P x ) + ( I 3 y P y ) ( I 1 y P y ) + ( I 3 z P z ) ( I 1 z P z ) = 0 (I_{1x} - P_x)(I_{2x} - P_x) + (I_{1y} - P_y)(I_{2y} - P_y) + (I_{1z} - P_z)(I_{2z} - P_z) = 0 \\ (I_{2x} - P_x)(I_{3x} - P_x) + (I_{2y} - P_y)(I_{3y} - P_y) + (I_{2z} - P_z)(I_{3z} - P_z) = 0 \\ (I_{3x} - P_x)(I_{1x} - P_x) + (I_{3y} - P_y)(I_{1y} - P_y) + (I_{3z} - P_z)(I_{1z} - P_z) = 0

Solving this non-linear system and choosing the negative-z result gives ( P x , P y , P z ) ( 3.6361 , 5.5186 , 6.7865 ) (P_x,P_y,P_z) \approx (-3.6361,5.5186,-6.7865) . It is then a fairly trivial matter to reconstruct the eight cube vertices using the side lengths and basis vectors consisting of unitized versions of ( I 1 P ) (\vec{I_1} - \vec{P}) , ( I 2 P ) (\vec{I_2} - \vec{P}) , ( I 3 P ) (\vec{I_3} - \vec{P}) . The highest vertex ends up being ( 1.3235 , 5.3906 , 25.7156 ) \approx (1.3235,-5.3906,25.7156) , and the sum of its coordinates is approximately 21.6485 21.6485 .

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