A trapezium is inscribed in the parabola y^2=4ax such that its diagonal pass through the point (1,0) and each has length 25/4. Find the area of trapezium.
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Let the isosceles trapezoid (which is symmetric about the x − axis) have coordinates: ( x A , ± 2 a x A ) ; ( x B , ± 2 a x B ) for 0 < x A < 1 < x B . We now derive the formulae for the area and the twin-diagonal length:
A = 2 x B − x A ⋅ ( 4 a x A + 4 a x B ) ; (i)
4 2 5 = ( x A − x B ) 2 + ( 2 a x A + 2 a x B ) 2 (ii).
Upon squaring (ii) we obtain:
( 2 a x A + 2 a x B ) 2 = ( 4 2 5 ) 2 − ( x A − x B ) 2 ⇒ 2 a x A + 2 a x B = ( 4 2 5 ) 2 − ( x A − x B ) 2
which when substituted into (i) produces:
A = 2 x B − x A ⋅ ( 4 a x A + 4 a x B ) = ( x B − x A ) ⋅ ( 2 a x A + 2 a x B ) = ( x B − x A ) ⋅ 1 6 2 5 2 − 4 2 ( x A − x B ) 2 = 4 x B − x A ⋅ 2 5 2 − ( 4 ( x A − x B ) ) 2 (iii).
We next find that each of our answer choices is rational, and this requires the radicand to be a perfect-square integer. Drawing upon the Pythagorean triplets ( 1 5 , 2 0 , 2 5 ) and ( 7 , 2 4 , 2 5 ) gives us the prospective quantities:
x B − x A = 5 or 6
and respective areas of A = 4 7 5 , 2 2 1 . Thus, Choice D is our desired answer.