If you place a cork in a half-filled glass of water, it will always drift to the side of the glass.
Is there a way to get the cork to float in the horizontal center of the glass?
If so, how can this be accomplished? If not, why not?
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Why does it float to the highest point? Intuitively I thought that it should move towards the lowest point, just as a ball rolls to the bottom of a hill.
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Think of it as filling up a helium balloon in a room with a slanted roof - the balloon will drift to the highest point of the ceiling. So, too, the buoyancy of the cork on the water pushes it upwards, and the same motion occurs.
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thank you!
well explained! I wish my physics teachers were like this
You explained it as well as it possible! Thank you:)
Best answer possible. The fact that this was only experimentally confirmed a decade ago is mind boggling.
I tried it. I have never done physics before.
...but surely if you fill the glass completely, such that there is a convex meniscus, placing the cork in the water will displace some of the water and it will spill over the rim of the glass - and there will no longer be a convex meniscus?
Filling the glass completely after placing the cork in it may give a convex meniscus, but that isn't what the question stated. "Not without a more clearly defined method" is the right answer.
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"Is there a way to get the cork to float in the horizontal center of the glass? " -> "Yes, fill the glass completely"
My understanding is that those two actions are sequential, so the glass is filled after the cork has already been placed in the glass.
I disagree, the problem statement is with the glass half full. You are changing the problem by insisting that the answer is to fill the glass.
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That is fine, we are told what are the valid "moves" in the options. So, it is alright.
The multiple choice is faulty, in that it does not list the choice "Yes it is possible to do that" That is the same fault as asking for the evaluation of 2 + 2, but not allowing a choice of 4, but just the choices of "6,8,10,12" You must also include he choice "None of these" for the question to be valid. I can think of at least 3 ways to maintain the cork in the middle of the glass, without changing the question statement, but the choice of "Yes" is not one of the possible choices.
Didn't work in my glass. Full of water - cork still moves to the edge.
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But add some soap, get some bubbles going, and the cork will stay wherever you put it!
Just learnt sth new today
tl;dr: the correct answer is not given.
1} The glass will continue to have a meniscus while it's less than full, giving the surface of the water a concave shape. This will cause the less dense cork to travel to the highest point—at the edge of the glass—because it naturally seeks the highest water level.
2) A full glass, which has a perfectly level surface does not guarantee that the cork will float in the middle. Normal movement of the water molecules will cause disturbances that will cause the cork, even a carefully placed one, to randomly drift around the surface.
3) Only a convex surface shape will allow the cork to drift toward, or remain, at the center; this requires the glass to be filled slightly beyond its limit, while the surface tension of the water prevents the excess from spilling beyond the edge.
So, without an option to modify the glass or the cork in any way. The answer should be "Yes. Only if the glass is slightly overfilled with the cork already floating in it."
Relevant wiki: Surface Tension
the cork will try to stay at the highest point to maintain its inertia.
so, if we fill the glass with water,then the upper portion of the glass will make about a convex shape and the center portion of the glass will be the highest point and the cork will be in the center of the glass.
Nothing to do with inertia.
When the weight of the object is less than the buoyancy force the object will accelerate in the direction opposite to the force of gravity until both forces become equal (as they're already opposite). The less of the object is submerged in the liquid the less the buoyant force. The volume of the cork submerged in the liquid will decrease as the cork will try to accelerate out of the liquid (due to F b u o y a n c y > F g ). At some point the volume of the cork submerged in the liquid will decrease such that F b u o y a n c y = F g for which the cork will have no net acceleration. Before F b u o y a n c y = F g becomes stable, the cork will lose it's velocity due to F b u o y a n c y < F g .
All good and well, but this has so far little to do with the horizontal movement asked for.
Due to water tension when the glass is filled completely the meniscus of the water becomes convex rather than concave and the cork floats in the middle this is just a fancy way of saying the same thing as others have said in their solutions.
The "problem" is surface tension. How do you eliminate it? If you put a drop of soap in the water, in theory you should significantly reduce it so that if the cork is placed in the middle of the glass it should stay there.
The glass must be filled up slightly above the top before it starts overflowing. At this point the height in the middle or somewhere close has to provide static pressure higher than the liquid height by the wall due to capillary pressure. The cork will try floating ABOVE the water due to buoyancy force and will seek the highest point.
I see two sensible points in the comments I have read: 1) try it! 2) What about surface tension?
I think the selection of answers for this question is incomplete.
Surface tension is caused by adhesion between water and a different material, glass for example, which causes a meniscus at the edge touching the glass. But a meniscus can also form around the cork! If the cork moves, or floats, to the highest point, it will not go to the edge if its own meniscus is higher than the meniscus at the glass. Filling the glass completely is clever, but unnecessary for a "No" answer. However, the cork will most often go to the edge even when it is carefully placed in the center of the water because minute residual motion in the water can move the cork until it is "captured" by the meniscus at the glass edge.
Add a substance to the water like surfactant which lowers the surface tension of the water, just like surfactant dies in the alveoli of the lungs. Soap will do the same thing.
Spin the glass, the water will drop in the center
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Relevant wiki: Surface Tension
The reason that a cork drifts to the side of a glass is that it floats to the highest point. Since water "clings" to the glass, the highest point is around the edge of the water. To get the cork to float in the middle of the glass, all you have to do is fill the glass as much as possible. The water will form a convex shape above the glass (with the highest point at its center). This is where the cork will settle.