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How many five digit-integers have a digit sum of 25?


The answer is 5283.

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1 solution

Melissa Quail
Apr 2, 2018

If you have access to a computer algebra system or Wolfram Alpha you can work this out as the coefficient of x 25 x^{25} in the expansion of ( x 10 1 x 1 ) 4 ( x 10 1 x 1 1 ) (\frac{x^{10} - 1}{x-1})^4(\frac{x^{10}-1}{x-1} - 1)

This is because we have five digits. The first digit must be an integer from 1 to 9 and the last 4 digits must be integers from 0 to 9. We can therefore represent the first digit using the generating function x + x 2 + x 3 + x 4 + x 5 + x 6 + x 7 + x 8 + x 9 x+x^2+x^3+x^4+x^5+x^6+x^7+x^8+x^9 which simplifies to x 10 1 x 1 1 \frac{x^{10}-1}{x-1} - 1 .

Each of the other four digits can be represented as choosing a term from the function 1 + x + x 2 + x 3 + x 4 + x 5 + x 6 + x 7 + x 8 + x 9 1+x+x^2+x^3+x^4+x^5+x^6+x^7+x^8+x^9 which can be simplified to x 10 1 x 1 \frac{x^{10}-1}{x-1} .

Therefore we get that the number of ways to make a digit sum of 25 is equal to the coefficient of x 25 x^{25} in the expansion of ( x 10 1 x 1 ) 4 ( x 10 1 x 1 1 ) (\frac{x^{10} - 1}{x-1})^4(\frac{x^{10}-1}{x-1} - 1) .

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