Integration By Parts Is Crazy

Calculus Level 2

0 π / 2 ( sin 2014 x cos 2014 x ) d x = ? \large \int_0^{\pi /2} ( \sin^{2014}x - \cos^{2014}x ) \,dx = \, ?


The answer is 0.

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8 solutions

Discussions for this problem are now closed

Trevor B.
Feb 8, 2014

Use this property of integrals. 0 k f ( x ) d x = 0 k f ( k x ) d x \int_0^kf(x)\text{ }dx=\int_0^kf(k-x)\text{ }dx Therefore, we can show the integrals like this. 0 π 2 sin 2014 x cos 2014 x d x = 0 π 2 sin 2014 ( π 2 x ) cos 2014 ( π 2 x ) d x \int_0^\frac{\pi}{2}\sin^{2014}x-\cos^{2014}x\text{ }dx=\int_0^\frac{\pi}{2}\sin^{2014}\left(\dfrac{\pi}{2}-x\right)-\cos^{2014}\left(\dfrac{\pi}{2}-x\right)\text{ }dx 0 π 2 sin 2014 x cos 2014 x d x = 0 π 2 cos 2014 x sin 2014 x d x \int_0^\frac{\pi}{2}\sin^{2014}x-\cos^{2014}x\text{ }dx=\int_0^\frac{\pi}{2}\cos^{2014}x-\sin^{2014}x\text{ }dx 0 π 2 sin 2014 x cos 2014 x d x = 0 π 2 sin 2014 x cos 2014 x d x \int_0^\frac{\pi}{2}\sin^{2014}x-\cos^{2014}x\text{ }dx=-\int_0^\frac{\pi}{2}\sin^{2014}x-\cos^{2014}x\text{ }dx The integral is equal to its additive inverse. The only number that has this property is 0 \boxed{0}

i really dont understand this

linda joshwa - 7 years, 3 months ago

Someday, you'll get there, too. :D

Daryl Yara - 7 years, 1 month ago

me too

Francis Ganapin - 7 years, 3 months ago

its okay and simple

Govind Gupta - 7 years, 3 months ago

what is the proof of this property ??

Muhammed R. Hafez - 6 years, 4 months ago

integral(f(k-x),x,0,k) is -F(k-x) from 0 to k, which is -(F(k-k)-F(k-0)) which is -(F(0)-F(k)) which is F(k)-F(0) which is the integral(f(x),x,0,k) (sorry I had to use regular text format)

Paul Cox - 6 years, 4 months ago
Louis W
Jan 23, 2015

0 π 2 ( sin 2014 x cos 2014 x ) d x = 0 π 2 ( sin 2014 x ) d x 0 π 2 ( cos 2014 x ) d x \int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} (\sin^{2014}x - \cos^{2014}x)dx = \int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} (\sin^{2014}x)dx - \int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} (\cos^{2014}x)dx

In the first integral, use the following variable substitutions:

x = π 2 u x=\frac{\pi}{2}-u

d x = d u dx= -du

x = π 2 u = 0 x=\frac{\pi}{2} \Rightarrow u=0

x = 0 u = π 2 x=0 \Rightarrow u=\frac{\pi}{2}

This changes things as follows:

π 2 0 ( sin 2014 ( π 2 u ) ) ( d u ) 0 π 2 ( cos 2014 x ) d x \int_{\frac{\pi}{2}}^{0} (\sin^{2014}(\frac{\pi}{2}-u))(-du) - \int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} (\cos^{2014}x)dx

= 0 π 2 ( sin 2014 ( π 2 u ) ) d u 0 π 2 ( cos 2014 x ) d x =\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} (\sin^{2014}(\frac{\pi}{2}-u))du - \int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} (\cos^{2014}x)dx

= 0 π 2 ( cos 2014 u ) d u 0 π 2 ( cos 2014 x ) d x =\int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} (\cos^{2014}u)du - \int_{0}^{\frac{\pi}{2}} (\cos^{2014}x)dx

= 0 =0 \quad \Box

Otto Bretscher
Mar 29, 2015

We can obtain the graph of cos 2014 x \cos^{2014}x by reflecting the graph of sin 2014 x \sin^{2014}x about the vertical line x = π 4 x=\frac{\pi}{4} , since cos 2014 x = sin 2014 ( x π 2 ) \cos^{2014}x=\sin^{2014}(x-\frac{\pi}{2}) . Thus the two integrals (the "areas under the curve") are the same, and the answer is 0.

Anna Anant
Jan 24, 2015

Set u=pi/2-x==> int (cos(u)^2014-sin(u)^2014, u, 0, pi/2)=int(sin(x)^2014-cos(x)^2014,x,0, pi/2)==> the answer to the question is half of the sum of above integrals which is zero

Chris Burton
Jan 23, 2015

just integrate the function to get: ((sinx)^2015)/(2015cosx)-((cosx)^2015)/(2015sinx). then evalute at the limits to give [1/0-0/2015]-[0/2015-1/0]. normally this would be a bit of a problem with this being infinite-infinite. but you can see that they're they're the same kinds of infinities. since they come from functions with the same powers/coeficients whatever. so they cancel to give an answer of 0.

Moderator note:

This solution has been marked wrong. You couldn't say the antiderivative of a function ( f ( x ) ) n (f(x))^n is simply ( f ( x ) ) n + 1 n f ( x ) \frac { (f(x))^{n+1}} {n \cdot f'(x) } . It's easy to see that it's wrong by applying the chain rule. Furthermore, you can't simply can't out two infinities because you can't perform arithmetic on them.

Polaki Durga
Dec 2, 2014

the given limits are 0 and pie so that if integrate sinx-cosx with their powers as 2014 we get sin^2015 x/2015 cosx-cos^2015x/2015 (-sinx) now we apply limits then sin 0 is 0 and coso is 1 sin 90 is 1and cos90 is 0 if we substitute them we get zero

Moderator note:

Like Chris Burton's solution, this solution has been marked wrong.

Taskin Sadman
Feb 16, 2014

(sin x)^2014 - (cos X)^2014

write this in the form of a^2-b^2

which will be {(sinx)^1007}^2 - {(cosx)^1007}^2, where a= (sinx)^1007, and b= (cosx)^1007

we know, (sinx)^2-(cosx)^2 = cos2x,

substituting sinx from the previous equation with (sinx)^1007, and cosx from the previous equation with (cosx)^1007

we get {(sinx)^1007}^2 - {(cosx)^1007}^2= (cos 2x)^1007

Integrating (cos 2x)^1007 will give [{(sin2x)}^1007]/ (1007*2)

Then just put in the intervals, and find out the answer!! :)

Moderator note:

This solution has been marked wrong. As Calvin has pointed out, ( sin 2 x ) 1007 ( cos 2 x ) 1007 = ( cos ( 2 x ) ) 1007 ( \sin^2 x)^{1007} - ( \cos^2 x)^{1007} = (\cos (2x) )^{1007} is not a trigonometric identity.

You just trolled the question Lol

kavita parmar - 7 years, 3 months ago

I disagree with your claim that

" {(sinx)^1007}^2 - {(cosx)^1007}^2= (cos 2x)^1007 "

We only have sin 2 x cos 2 x = cos 2 x \sin ^2 x - \cos ^2 x = - \cos 2x . We do not have sin 4 x cos 4 x = ( cos 2 x ) 2 \sin^4 x - \cos ^4 x = ( - \cos 2x) ^2 .

Calvin Lin Staff - 7 years, 2 months ago

dude apply property this one is not an appropriate way of doing this sum.!

Arijit Banerjee - 7 years, 3 months ago
Pranav Kumar
Feb 17, 2014

The area bounded by both sin (x) and cos (x) from 0 to (pi/2) is same. Therefore when subtracted the integral becomes zero.

Moderator note:

This solution has been marked wrong. Yes it's true that 0 π / 2 sin ( x ) d x = 0 π / 2 cos ( x ) d x \int_0^{\pi /2} \sin (x) \ dx = \int_0^{\pi /2} \cos(x) \ dx . You have not proven that 0 π / 2 sin n ( x ) d x = 0 π / 2 cos n ( x ) d x \int_0^{\pi /2} \sin^n (x) \ dx = \int_0^{\pi /2} \cos^n (x) \ dx for all integers n > 1 n > 1 . You shouldn't make the assumption that A B f ( x ) d x = A B g ( x ) d x \int_A^B f(x) \ dx = \int_A^B g(x) \ dx implies A B ( f ( x ) ) n d x = A B ( g ( x ) ) n d x \int_A^B (f(x))^n \ dx = \int_A^B (g(x))^n \ dx . An explicit example is setting A = 0 , B = 1 , f ( x ) = 1 , g ( x ) = x arctan ( 2 ) , n = 10 A=0,B=1, f(x)=1, g(x) = x \cdot \arctan(2),n=10

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