Crossing the limits !

Calculus Level pending

Consider: A p = lim x 0 ( x + p ) ( x + p + 1 ) x B q = lim x 0 x ( x + q ) \begin{aligned} A_p &= \lim_{x\to 0} \dfrac{(x+p)(x+p+1)}{x} \\ \\ B_q &= \lim_{x\to 0} \dfrac{x}{(x+q)} \end{aligned}

Find the value of :

( i = 1 5 A i ) ( j = 1 5 B j ) \left( \prod_{i=1} ^{5} A_i \right) \cdot \left( \prod_{j=1} ^{5} B_j \right)


The answer is 720.

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2 solutions

Jubayer Nirjhor
Jan 4, 2014

With the fact in mind that Product of Limits is the Limit of Product , we move on simplifying the expression:

( i = 1 5 A i ) ( j = 1 5 B j ) = ( i = 1 5 lim x 0 ( x + i ) ( x + i + 1 ) x ) ( j = 1 5 lim x 0 x x + j ) = lim x 0 [ ( i = 1 5 ( x + i ) ( x + i + 1 ) x ) ( j = 1 5 x ( x + j ) ) ] = lim x 0 [ ( x + 2 ) ( x + 3 ) ( x + 4 ) ( x + 5 ) ( x + 6 ) ] = 2 × 3 × 4 × 5 × 6 = 720 \begin{aligned} \left(\prod_{i=1}^5 A_i\right) \cdot \left(\prod_{j=1}^5 B_j\right) &=& \left(\prod_{i=1}^5 \lim_{x\rightarrow 0} \dfrac{(x+i)(x+i+1)}{x}\right) \cdot \left(\prod_{j=1}^5 \lim_{x\rightarrow 0} \dfrac{x}{x+j} \right) \\ \\ &=& \lim_{x\rightarrow 0} \left[\left(\prod_{i=1}^5 \dfrac{(x+i)(x+i+1)}{x}\right)\cdot \left(\prod_{j=1}^5 \dfrac{x}{(x+j)}\right)\right] \\ \\ &=& \lim_{x\rightarrow 0} \left[ \left(x+2\right)\left(x+3\right)\left(x+4\right)\left(x+5\right)\left(x+6\right) \right] \\ \\ &=& 2\times 3\times 4\times 5\times 6 \\ \\ &=& \fbox{720} \\ \end{aligned}

Though I did it the same way to get the answer, I believe it's wrong. The thing is, "Product of Limits is the Limit Of Product" holds only when each of the limits, whose product you are considering, exist. For example, consider this:

( lim x 0 x ) ( lim x 0 1 x ) = lim x 0 1 ( \lim_{x\to 0} x ) \cdot ( \lim_{x\to 0} \dfrac 1 x ) = \lim_{x\to 0} 1 .

Which is obviously wrong, as the second limit doesn't exist (you might say that it exists - infinity, but it doesn't work that way!).

See this . Here, it has been clearly mentioned that for the properties to hold, both the "individual" limits hold.

Parth Thakkar - 7 years, 2 months ago

B(n) = 0 for n =/= 0?

Jake Lai - 7 years, 1 month ago
Bhargav Das
Dec 30, 2013

Note that:

i = 1 5 A i = lim x 0 ( x + 1 ) ( x + 2 ) 2 ( x + 3 ) 3 ( x + 4 ) 2 ( x + 5 ) 2 ( x + 6 ) x 5 \prod_{i=1}^5 A_i= \lim_{x\to 0} \frac{(x+1)(x+2)^2(x+3)^3(x+4)^2(x+5)^2(x+6)}{x^5}

and

j = 1 5 B j = lim x 0 x 5 ( x + 1 ) ( x + 2 ) ( x + 3 ) ( x + 4 ) ( x + 5 ) \prod_{j=1}^5 B_j= \lim_{x\to 0} \frac{x^5}{(x+1)(x+2)(x+3)(x+4)(x+5)}

Hence,

( i = 1 5 A i ) ( j = 1 5 B j ) = lim x 0 [ ( x + 1 ) ( x + 2 ) 2 ( x + 3 ) 3 ( x + 4 ) 2 ( x + 5 ) 2 ( x + 6 ) x 5 x 5 ( x + 1 ) ( x + 2 ) ( x + 3 ) ( x + 4 ) ( x + 5 ) ] (\prod_{i=1}^5 A_i ) \cdot (\prod_{j=1}^5 B_j)=\lim_{x\to 0} [\frac{(x+1)(x+2)^2(x+3)^3(x+4)^2(x+5)^2(x+6)}{x^5} \cdot \frac{x^5}{(x+1)(x+2)(x+3)(x+4)(x+5)} ]

lim x 0 [ ( x + 2 ) ( x + 3 ) ( x + 4 ) ( x + 5 ) ( x + 6 ) ] \implies \lim_{x\to 0} [(x+2)(x+3)(x+4)(x+5)(x+6)]

( 0 + 2 ) ( 0 + 3 ) ( 0 + 4 ) ( 0 + 5 ) ( 0 + 6 ) \implies (0+2)(0+3)(0+4)(0+5)(0+6)

2 3 4 5 6 \implies 2 \cdot 3 \cdot 4 \cdot 5 \cdot 6

720 . \implies \boxed{720}.

Nice solution ! You could've used the following code for Auto-setting the brackets

\left( \right) Or \left[ \right] For example:

\left[ \dfrac{1}{2} \right]

Prints as:

[ 1 2 ] \left[ \dfrac{1}{2} \right]

Priyansh Sangule - 7 years, 5 months ago

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Oh! T h a n k s = [ 1 0 ] t i m e s Thanks=\left[ \dfrac{1}{0} \right] times . :D :P

Bhargav Das - 7 years, 5 months ago

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