Cupidinous Convivial Country

Logic Level 3

The currency of United Kingdom (UK) is called pounds (£), with 1 pound equivalent to 100 pennies ( p p ). The denomination of the coins are: 1 p , 2 p , 5 p , 10 p , 20 p , 50 p 1p, 2p, 5p, 10p, 20p, 50p . The minimum coins I needed to carry so that I could make any value from 1 p 1p to 99 p 99p is 8.

Now suppose the currency of a fictitous country next to the UK is called dounds , with 1 dound is equivalent to 100 antidisestablishmentarianism ( a a ). This country has a ridiculous denomination of coins, namely: 1 a , 3 a , 13 a , 53 a , 93 a 1a, 3a, 13a, 53a, 93a . What is the minimum number of coins I needed to carry so that I could make any value from 1 a 1a to 99 a 99a ?

Image Credit: Wikimedia British coinage reverse designs 2015 .
10 9 11 12 8

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1 solution

David Stiff
Jan 27, 2019

Here's my (somewhat tedious) solution:

Starting at 1 a 1a , we know we'll need at least two 1 a 1a coins, to make 1 a 1a and 2 a 2a . For 3 a 3a , we can just use one 3 a 3a coin.

So here's our coins so far:

  • Two 1 a 1a
  • One 3 a 3a

From these we can make 4 a 4a and 5 a 5a , but we'll need another 3 a 3a coin to make 6 a 6a . After we do this, we can make 7 a 7a and 8 a 8a , but we'll need another 3 a 3a coin for 9 a 9a . Values of 10 a 10a and 11 a 11a will then be covered, but we'll need to add one more 3 a 3a coin for 12 a 12a .

Here's our coins so far:

  • Two 1 a 1a
  • Four 3 a 3a

But don't worry, the whole process isn't so laborious!

For 13 a 13a , we can add a new 13 a 13a coin. But notice something here: we went from 1 a 1a to 12 a 12a just with our 1 a 1a and 3 a 3a coins, so using these, we can go from 13 a 13a all the way to 13 a + 12 a = 25 a 13a + 12a = 25a and hit every integer along the way!

Coins so far:

  • Two 1 a 1a
  • Four 3 a 3a
  • One 13 a 13a

For 26 a 26a , we'll need another 13 a 13a coin. As before, we can then easily go from 26 a 26a to 26 a + 12 a = 38 a 26a + 12a = 38a with all integers in between. Then another 13 a 13a coin for 39 a 39a and then we can go from 39 a 39a to 39 a + 12 a = 51 a 39a + 12a = 51a .

Coins so far:

  • Two 1 a 1a
  • Four 3 a 3a
  • Three 13 a 13a

Now at this point, we need a value of 52 a 52a , but notice that we're not using all of our available small change. In 1 a 1a s and 3 a 3a s, we can technically increase 14 a 14a . We only used 3 a 3a coins to increase 12 a 12a , so we can easily add another 1 a 1a coin to get 52 a 52a .

Coins so far:

  • Two 1 a 1a
  • Four 3 a 3a
  • Three 13 a 13a
  • One 53 a 53a

Now we get to use a 53 a 53a coin for 53 a 53a . With small change, we can go from there to 65 a 65a . Then, we could just use add a 13 a 13a coin to our 53 a 53a coin for 66 a 66a . Then from there to 78 a 78a . And with two 13 a 13a coins, 79 a 79a . Then from there to 91 a 91a . (Hopefully the pattern is beginning to emerge!) Then with three 13 a 13a coins, 92 a 92a . And then from there we don't even need a 93 a 93a coin. We just have to use our smaller change to get up to 99 a 99a !

Whew!

But there you have it: we can get every integer from 1 a 1a to 99 a 99a using 2 + 4 + 3 + 1 = 10 2 + 4 + 3 + 1 = \boxed{10} coins!

Nice problem Pi Han Goh!

Yay, the first solution to this problem, and a splendid one! Thank you!!!!

Pi Han Goh - 2 years, 4 months ago

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Thank you, and you're welcome!

David Stiff - 2 years, 4 months ago

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