Cute minimum sum

Geometry Level 4

Lets the sides of triangle A B C ABC be A B = 21 , B C = 23 AB=21, BC=23 and C A = 39 CA=39 units. find the minimum value of 23 A P 2 + 39 B P 2 + 21 C P 2 23AP^2+39BP^2+21CP^2 where P P is any point in the plane of triangle A B C ABC .


The answer is 18837.

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1 solution

Mehul Kumar
Jun 5, 2016

Put weights a,b,c on points A,B,C. The expression becomes the moment of inertia about P so it is minimum when P is the centre of mass which is precisely the Incenter because angular bisector of the vertex divides the opposite side in the ratio of its legs correspondingly. So the minimum value is a A I 2 + b B I 2 + c C I 2 aAI^2+bBI^2+cCI^2
a A I 2 = a ( b c ( ( b + c ) 2 a 2 ) ( b + c ) 2 aAI^2=a (\frac{bc((b+c)^2-a^2)}{(b+c)^2} ( ( b + c ) 2 ( a + b + c ) 2 \frac{(b+c)^2}{(a+b+c)^2} ))= abc ( b + c a a + b + c \frac{b+c-a}{a+b+c} )
a A I 2 + b B I 2 + c C I 2 = a b c aAI^2+bBI^2+cCI^2=abc
So the answer is 21x23x39=18837


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