David, Tommy, Jack, and Michael

David is the leader of the David Committee. He wants to appoint 3 people to be on the Head Council. He has to choose from 9 applicants, three of whom are Tommy, Jack, and Michael. In how many ways can he choose the people to be on the Council, so that at least one of Tommy, Jack, and Michael is chosen?


The answer is 64.

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18 solutions

Raj Magesh
Dec 24, 2013

First, let us calculate the total number of ways any three people can be selected for the positions.

( 9 3 ) = 84 \dbinom{9}{3} = 84

Next, we calculate the number of cases where none of the three (Tommy, Jack and Michael) are selected.

( 9 3 3 ) = ( 6 3 ) = 20 \dbinom{9 - 3}{3} = \dbinom{6}{3} = 20

So, the number of ways to select people such that at least one of the three is selected is given by:

84 20 = 64 84 - 20 = \boxed{64}

Why do I never think of these brilliant methods...

Jean Lille - 7 years, 3 months ago

Why Not 66 Solution ( 3c1 6c2+3c2 6c1+3c3*6c0)

Brijesh Mishra - 7 years, 1 month ago

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Exactly! It is 64 not 66..check your calculations!

Krishna Ar - 7 years ago

got it.. thanks

N Pragati Sure - 7 years, 2 months ago

same thought

Lee Nguyen - 7 years, 2 months ago

NICE!!!

PUSHPESH KUMAR - 7 years, 4 months ago
Mark Jayson Gula
Jan 20, 2014

First, compute for the all the possible number ways of selecting 3 persons to be on the Head of the Council out of the original 9, that is:

( 9 3 ) = 84 \dbinom{9}{3} = 84

Then, compute for the number ways of selecting the 3 persons excluding Tommy, Jack & Michael. Now, that's:

( 9 3 3 ) = 20 \dbinom{9-3}{3} = 20

Find the difference of the two, and you'll get:

84 20 = 64 84 - 20 = \boxed{64}

This number shows the number of possible ways of including at least one of the 3 to the Head Council.

Guys, why do you all use formulas ? I also know the formulas but I do it by logic.

Kushagra Sahni - 7 years ago

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See, even if you use logic you will use some kind of a combinatorial idea. Without this , you cannot solve level 4 problems at all.

Krishna Ar - 7 years ago
Jeremi Litarowicz
Jan 13, 2014

First, we derive that he could choose the council in 9 × 8 × 7 3 × 2 = 84 \frac{9 \times 8 \times 7} {3 \times 2}=84 . Next, we derive the number of ways that he could choose the council without Tommy, Jack nor Michael. This is 6 × 5 × 4 3 × 2 = 20 \frac{6 \times 5 \times 4}{3 \times 2}=20 Thus the amount of ways that he could choose the council with at least one of the three is 84 20 = 64 84-20=\boxed{64} .

Sharky Kesa
Dec 22, 2013

First we need to find how many ways can Tommy be chosen only. Since there are 6 other unknown people, we need to know what 5 + 4 + 3 + 2 + 1 5 + 4 + 3 + 2 + 1 equals which is 15 15 . Multiply 15 by 3, since the question is asking about 3 people. We get an answer of 45 45 . Now we need to know how many different combinations can have 2 of the known people. There are 6 unknown and 3 different ways to arrange the 3 known people in pairs. 6 3 6 * 3 equals 18 18 . Now, we need to know how many different ways can all of them be arranged. This is, obviously, 1 1 . Now we need to add 45 45 , 18 18 and 1 1 and you get an answer of 64 64 .

Milly Choochoo
Dec 31, 2013

9 people, subsets of 3 people:

( 9 3 ) 9 \choose 3 = 84 = 84 combinations

subtract the total number of combinations that don't have Tommy, Jacky, or Michael (there are 6 other people and, again, we are dealing with subsets of 3 people)

84 84 - ( 6 3 ) 6 \choose 3 = 64 = \boxed{64}

Ajay Maity
Dec 24, 2013

Number of ways in which David can choose at 3 people out of 9, such that at least one of Tommy, Jack and Michael is chosen = Total number of ways to choose 3 people out of 9 - number of ways to choose 3 people out of 9, such that none of Tommy, Jack and Michael are chosen.

Total number of ways to choose 3 people out of 9 = 3 9 C _{3}^{9}\textrm{C}

= 9 ! 3 ! × 6 ! = \frac{9!}{3!} \times 6!

= 84 = 84

Number of ways to choose 3 people out of 9, such that none of Tommy, Jack and Michael are chosen = Number of ways to choose 6 people out of 9 = 3 6 C _{3}^{6}\textrm{C}

6 ! 3 ! × 3 ! \frac{6!}{3! \times 3!}

= 20 = 20

Hence, answer = 84 20 = 64 84 - 20 = \boxed{64}

Isn't it like you put 3 people so, it's like [3][8][7]??? Doesn't it the way how to approach this kind of question?

Rizky Riman - 7 years, 5 months ago
Tom Zhou
Dec 24, 2013

There are ( 9 3 ) = 84 \binom{9}{3}=84 total ways to choose 3 people from 9 applicants without restrictions. Now, we find the number of ways to choose 3 people such that none of Tommy, Jack, or Michael are chosen. We are choosing 3 people from 6 people which can be done in ( 6 3 ) = 20 \binom{6}{3}=20 ways. Therefore there are 84 20 = 64 84-20=\boxed{64} ways of choosing a group of 3 people such that the restriction is satisfied.

Duy Le
Jul 28, 2018

This is an alternate way (a bit more complicated): We consider 2 groups. One group is Tommy, Jack, and Micheal; another group is the rest (6 people).

-One out of three on the head:

( 3 1 ) \dbinom{3}{1} * ( 6 2 ) \dbinom{6}{2} = 45 ways

-Two out of three on the head:

( 3 2 ) \dbinom{3}{2} * ( 6 1 ) \dbinom{6}{1} = 18 ways

-Three out of three on the head: 1 way

Using rule of sum, the final answer will be 45 + 18 + 1 = 64 ways

Bedadipta Bain
Feb 25, 2014

s u m i = 1 3 ( 3 C i ) ( 6 C ( 3 i ) ) = 64 sum _{ i=1 }^{ 3 }{ (3Ci)*(6C(3-i)) } =64

what the hell is this?

Jean Lille - 7 years, 3 months ago

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he is considering three cases. 1. one member from the three(Tommy, Jack and Micheal) AND two member from the rest(6). 2. two member from the three(Tommy, Jack and Micheal) AND one from the rest. 3. all the three selected (Tommy, Jack and Micheal) AND 'zero' from the rest.

The three cases cannot occur simultaneously so it is OR.

Add whenever you have OR case and multiply whenever you have AND.

Saran Prasath - 7 years, 3 months ago
Bostang Palaguna
Aug 18, 2020

( 9 3 ) ( 6 3 ) = 64 \dbinom{9}{3} - \dbinom{6}{3} = \boxed {64}

(9!÷6!÷3!)-(6!÷3!÷3!)=64 ans

Harsh Saraogi
Mar 16, 2014

selecting one of 3= 3c1=3 * selecting 2 from remaining 6= 6C2=15 +3C2*6C1+1

Jean Lille
Mar 5, 2014

Tommy, Jack and Micheal are all chosen, that is 1 way. Tommy and Jack and 1 of the 6 (9-3) remaining people, that is 6 ways. Tommy and Micheal and 1 of the 6 remaining people, that is 6 ways. Jack and Micheal and 1 of the 6 remaining people, that is 6 ways. Tommy or Jack or Micheal with 2 of the 6 remaining people, that is 3* C2 in 6 = 3* 6!/(4!2!) = 45 Add everything...45+3*6+1=45+19=64!

9C3 - 6C3 = 64

I did not know the rules so i had to right evry single propability hhhhhhhhhhhhh :D

loool

Jean Lille - 7 years, 3 months ago
Frederick Corpuz
Dec 25, 2013

9c3-6c3= 84-20=64

You can use the complement of the event A A -> A = U A |A|' = |U| - |A| Where A A is an event that at least one of them is chosen. So A A' is none of them is chosen. And U U is the set of total ways to select 3 from 9 people.

  • Select 3 from 9 people, order doesn't matter, U = C ( 9 , 3 ) |U| = C(9,3)
  • Select 3 from 6 people, none of them are selected, A = C ( 6 , 3 ) |A'| = C(6,3)

A = U A = > A = C ( 9 , 3 ) C ( 6 , 3 ) = 64 |A|' = |U| - |A| => |A| = C(9,3) - C(6,3) = \boxed{64}

Christian Barrera
Dec 24, 2013

We can approach the problem with 2 ways. 1) Find the number of possible ways we could have at least 1 of them (1, 2, or all 3) 2) The complement approach: Total number of ways - Total ways without any of them.

The second one will be the easier task. There will be the remaining 6 to choose from the applicants for the complement set. Because of that, there are 6C3 ways to have these. 6C3 = 6 * 5 * 4 / 3 * 2 * 1 = 20

The total number of ways is 9C3 = 9 * 8 * 7 / 3 * 2 * 1= 84

The final answer will be 84 - 20 = 64 ways to have at least one of them to be part of the committee's head council

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