Day 16: The Powers of Trigonometric Integrals

Calculus Level 4

0 π / 4 ( cos 8 θ + sin 8 θ + ( cos 4 θ + sin 4 θ ) cos 2 θ sin 2 θ ) d θ \large \int^{{\pi} / {4}}_0 (\cos^8\theta +\sin^8\theta+(\cos^4\theta+\sin^4\theta)\cos^2\theta \sin^2\theta ) \, d\theta

If the value of the integral above is of the form a π b \dfrac{a\pi}{b} where a a and b b are positive coprime integers, find the value of a + b a+b .


This problem is part of the Advent Calendar 2015 . Adapted from a maths test question so credit to my maths teacher!


The answer is 37.

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2 solutions

Michael Ng
Dec 15, 2015

It would be a nightmare to type up this solution so here is a written one:

And therefore the answer is 37 \boxed{37} .

Pulkit Gupta
Dec 18, 2015

As Michael put in, it would be a nightmare to type up the solution.

Let me present an outline.

Write cos 4 θ \large \cos^4\theta + sin 4 θ \large \sin^4\theta =( cos 2 θ \large \cos^2\theta + sin 2 θ \large \sin^2\theta ) ^2 - 2 c o s 2 θ \large \ 2cos^2\theta 2 s i n 2 θ \large \ 2sin^2\theta = 1 - 2 c o s 2 θ \large \ 2cos^2\theta 2 s i n 2 θ \large \ 2sin^2\theta

Open up the brackets to obtain an expression of the form sin 8 θ \large \sin^8\theta + cos 8 θ \large \cos^8\theta - 2 c o s 4 θ \large \ 2cos^4\theta 2 s i n 4 θ \large \ 2sin^4\theta + c o s 2 θ \large \ cos^2\theta s i n 2 θ \large \ sin^2\theta = ( cos 4 θ \large \cos^4\theta - sin 4 θ \large \sin^4\theta )^2 + c o s 2 θ \large \ cos^2\theta s i n 2 θ \large \ sin^2\theta .

Now apply standard trigonometric identities to obtain the integral.

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