47 of 100: A Simple Angle

Geometry Level 1

A three-dimensional cube is shown above. What is the measure of A B C \angle ABC in degrees?

There are a lot of ways to solve this puzzle; look for a fast one, then try to find a second technique!


The answer is 60.

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21 solutions

Marta Reece
Jul 16, 2017

Adding the third face-diagonal completes an equilateral triangle. The angle is therefore 6 0 \boxed{60^\circ} .

Nice picture. That's all there is to it. Solve on sight. Fastest, if not easiest so far. Three cacti?

Robert DeLisle - 3 years, 10 months ago

nice way of thinking.i thought i would add a solution. but after watching this i understood that nobody would see my solution.

Mohammad Khaza - 3 years, 10 months ago

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You should still add it. Multiple solutions show that those don't think of the clever way, don't need to throw up their hands, that it is within their ability to find the answer. And who knows, maybe the way you thought of it will resonate with many others whose thinking ran along similar lines.

Marta Reece - 3 years, 10 months ago

I found out through the same way you did.

A Former Brilliant Member - 3 years, 10 months ago
Steven Chase
Jul 16, 2017

The straightforward equilateral triangle argument is the best one, but here's another one just for fun.

v 1 = ( 1 , 1 , 0 ) v 2 = ( 1 , 0 , 1 ) \vec{v_1} = (1,1,0) \\ \vec{v_2} = (1,0,-1)

Using a property of the vector dot product:

v 1 v 2 = v 1 v 2 c o s θ 1 ( 1 ) + 1 ( 0 ) + 0 ( 1 ) = 1 = 2 2 c o s θ c o s θ = 1 2 θ = 6 0 \vec{v_1} \cdot \vec{v_2} = |\vec{v_1}| |\vec{v_2}| cos\theta \\ 1(1) + 1(0) + 0(-1) = 1 = \sqrt{2} \sqrt{2} cos\theta \\ cos\theta = \frac{1}{2} \implies \theta = 60^\circ

Great solution!

Steven Jim - 3 years, 10 months ago

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Thank you...........

Steven Chase - 3 years, 10 months ago
Swagat Panda
Jul 16, 2017

If we connect A and C, that makes ABC an equilateral triangle with side length l 2 l\sqrt2 if l l is the side length of the cube. And as obvious, each angle of an equilateral triangle measures 6 0 60 ^\circ

Nikita Mahilewets
Jul 16, 2017

Thorns abound... And the problem of yesterday was "Thorns about". I feel like today's problem is 0% difficulty and yesterday's was one of the most difficult challenges.

LaTex: Let an orthonormal coordinate system defined by : ( B , B C = ı , A A = ȷ , B B = k ) \large \text {Let an orthonormal coordinate system defined by :} \; (B, \overrightarrow{BC'}=\vec{\imath}, \overrightarrow{AA'}=\vec{\jmath}, \overrightarrow{B'B}=\overrightarrow{k})

LaTex: B A = B C + B B = x i x k \large \overrightarrow{BA} = \overrightarrow{BC'} + \overrightarrow{BB'} = x\overrightarrow{i} - x\overrightarrow{k}

LaTex: B C = B C + A A = x i + x j \large \overrightarrow{BC} = \overrightarrow{BC'} + \overrightarrow{AA'} = x\overrightarrow{i} + x\overrightarrow{j}

LaTex: Norm of the vectors : B A = B C = ( x 2 + x 2 ) 2 = ( 2 x 2 ) 2 = 2 2 x \large \text {Norm of the vectors :} \; \Vert \overrightarrow{BA} \Vert = \Vert \overrightarrow{BC}\Vert = \sqrt[2]{(x^2+x^2)} = \sqrt[2]{(2x^2)} = \sqrt[2]{2}x

LaTex: scalar product : B A . B C = x 2 \large \text {scalar product :} \; \overrightarrow{BA}.\overrightarrow{BC} = x^2

LaTex: Let’s use the formular of cosine : cos ( ( A B C ) ) = B A . B C B A . B C = x 2 2 2 x . 2 2 x = 1 2 \large \text {Let's use the formular of cosine :} \; \cos(\angle(ABC)) = \frac{\overrightarrow{BA}.\overrightarrow{BC}} {\Vert \overrightarrow{BA} \Vert.\Vert \overrightarrow{BC} \Vert} = \frac{x^2} {\sqrt[2]{2}x.\sqrt[2]{2}x} = \frac{1}{2}

LaTex: cos ( ( A B C ) ) = 1 2 ( A B C ) = ± π 3 = 60 ° \Large \cos(\angle(ABC)) = \frac{1}{2} \iff \angle(ABC) = \pm\frac{\pi}{3} = \color{#D61F06}{ \boxed {60°}}

LaTex: Thus the angle is part of a regular or equilateral triangle inscribed in the cube. \large \text {Thus the angle is part of a regular or equilateral triangle inscribed in the cube.}

Saswata Naha
Jul 16, 2017

Here if we cut the pyramidal shape ABCD we can see the base is ABC

AB=BC=CA

SO ABC is an equilateral triangle.

So the angle is 60 degree

Aareyan Manzoor
Jul 16, 2017

we can rotate this and the cube will remain the same, and the traingle will appear the same but its sides are rotated. hence by symmetry all sides are equal and hence all angles are 6 0 60^\circ

Pujan Yadav
Aug 9, 2017

Guys, Don't need to think much. The Distances AB=BC=AC. That's because we're talking about a cube. Hence its an equilateral triangle. Angle is 60.

Alex Wang
Aug 2, 2017

You can prove it using origami

Alternatively, the diagonals of a face are sqrt(2) All the edges are diagonals all the edges are the same equilateral triangle 60 degrees

Akshay Gupta
Jul 24, 2017

AB = BC = CA = 2 \sqrt2 * a [ Diagonal of square ]

where a = side of cube

Hence, triangle is equilateral, so A B C \angle ABC = 6 0 60^\circ

Beth Davies
Jul 22, 2017

The answer is 60 because, when you connect A and C you have a triangle. If you imagine that you cut through flush with all three lines then you get an equilateral triangle. So, because all the angles in an equilateral triangle are equal and all the angles in a triangle add up to 180, the answer must be 60

Surya Subbarao
Jul 22, 2017

Draw the third line A C AC . By symmetry, we know that each angle in the resultant triangle A B C ABC must be equal, so A B C \angle ABC must be 60 degrees.

Hansen Yang
Jul 21, 2017

Cut cross a section, It will show 60 degrees.

Deva Craig
Jul 17, 2017

If we want to find the angle formed by A B C ∠ABC , we must first consider the fact that the angle itself exists on a plane, since there is always one plane containing three points. Ignoring the line segments, we can create our plane and find that the plane creates an equilateral triangle cross section of the cube.

Since we already know the cross section is an equilateral triangle, we can now easily find the measurement of angle A B C ∠ABC by dividing its interior angle sum 180º by 3.

Syrous Marivani
Jul 17, 2017

If we mean the angle in the equilateral triangle ABC the angle is obviously 60 degrees, But if the dihedral angle, is wanted, what would it be. I mean the pyramid whose apex angle is <ABC? I researched it and found a formula but I do not know how to use it, do you have an easy way to find it?

Zach Cox
Jul 17, 2017

Connect points C and A ...

Timmy Kostolansky
Jul 17, 2017

Draw in line segment AC and the triangle ABC is equiangular. Thus, the measure of angle ABC is 60 (180/3).

Just add A and C to find triangle ABC. ABC is indeed an equilateral triangle as AB,BC,CA are all diagonals of a face (square shaped) of cube. so, each and every angle is 60 degrees. <ABC = 60

Sundar R
Jul 16, 2017

If we place the origin at the bottom left corner of the cube. The coordinates are as follows : A = (0,1,0) B = (1,0,0) C = (1,1,1) Vector CB = (1,1,1) - (1,0,0) = (0,1,1) Vector AB = (0,1,0) - (1,0,0) = (-1,1,0) The dot product of the 2 vectors (CB.AB) is 0 -1 + 1 1 + 1 0 = 1 Now cos(ABC) = CB.AB / [ l(CB) * l(AB)] = 1/[sqrt(2) sqrt(2)] = 1/2 Therefore since ABC is acute and since cos(60) = 1/2, ABC = 60

Levent B
Jul 16, 2017

The fastest way I found to approach this was to create a triangle. If we draw a line for A to C, we notice that triangle ABC is equilateral. We know this because sides AB, BC, and CA are all diagonals of sides of the cubes and are therefore equal. Since triangle ABC is equilateral, all of its interior angles must equal 60 degrees, and <ABC is an interior angle of triangle ABC. Therefore, <ABC must equal 60 degrees.

Kevin Guo
Jul 16, 2017

Looking at the image above, connecting point A to point C forms a triangle - specifically an equilateral triangle since each side is s 2 s\sqrt{2} . Therefore, angle ABC is 60 degrees.

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