51 of 100: Some Simple Fractions

Algebra Level 2

1110 1111 , 2221 2223 , 3331 3334 \Huge{\frac{{\color{#D61F06}1110}}{{\color{#D61F06}1111}}, \ \frac{{\color{#3D99F6}2221}}{{\color{#3D99F6}2223}}, \ \frac{{\color{#20A900}3331}}{{\color{#20A900}3334}}}

Which is largest?

This can be quickly and cleverly solved without a calculator and without explicitly calculating the value of each fraction. Make an argument, don't just use your intuition!

1110 1111 \frac{1110}{1111} 2221 2223 \frac{2221}{2223} 3331 3334 \frac{3331}{3334} They are all the same

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21 solutions

Dan Ley
Jul 20, 2017

1110 1111 = 6660 6666 \frac{1110}{1111}=\frac{6660}{6666}

2221 2223 = 6663 6669 \frac{2221}{2223}=\frac{6663}{6669}

3331 3334 = 6662 6668 \frac{3331}{3334}=\frac{6662}{6668}

For each fraction, the difference between numerator and denominator is the same (6), so the fraction with the largest numerator or denominator will be the closest to 1, hence the answer is 2221 2223 \boxed{\frac{2221}{2223}} .

Richard Desper
Jul 20, 2017

Rewrite problem as: which is largest: 1 1 1111 , 1 2 2223 , 1 - \frac{1}{1111}, 1 - \frac{2}{2223}, or 1 3 3334 1-\frac{3}{3334} . This is clearly equivalent to: which is smallest, 1 1111 , 2 2223 , \frac{1}{1111}, \frac{2}{2223}, or 3 3334 \frac{3}{3334} ? Since 1 1111 = 2 2222 > 2 2223 , \frac{1}{1111} = \frac{2}{2222} > \frac{2}{2223}, the first is clearly not the smallest. That leaves us with the task of comparing 2 2223 \frac{2}{2223} and 3 3334 \frac{3}{3334} . Quick cross-multiplication (compare 3 2223 3*2223 with 2 3334 2*3334 ) shows that 3 3334 \frac{3}{3334} is larger, leaving 2 2223 \frac{2}{2223} as the smallest. Thus 2221 2223 \frac{2221}{2223} is the largest of the three original fractions.

I used the same method, to compare the three a/aaab fractions I used theyr inverses, so I easily calculated the results by hand and take the biggest one.

Stefano Gallenda - 3 years, 10 months ago

That's how I did it, made it easier to compare fractions with smaller numerators.

John Allums - 3 years, 10 months ago
Danny Whittaker
Jul 20, 2017

a b < a + c b + c \frac{a}{b} < \frac{a+c}{b+c} given that b > a b>a

1110 1111 = 2220 2222 < 2221 2223 = 6663 6669 > 6662 6668 = 3331 3334 \frac{1110}{1111}=\frac{2220}{2222}<\frac{2221}{2223}=\frac{6663}{6669}>\frac{6662}{6668}=\frac{3331}{3334}

Chew-Seong Cheong
Jul 20, 2017

1110 1111 = 1 1 1111 2221 2223 = 1 2 2223 = 1 1 1111 1 2 3331 3334 = 1 3 3334 = 1 1 1111 1 3 \begin{aligned} \frac {1110}{1111} & = 1 - \frac 1{1111} \\ \frac {2221}{2223} & = 1 - \frac 2{2223} = 1 - \frac 1{1111\frac 12} \\ \frac {3331}{3334} & = 1 - \frac 3{3334} = 1 - \frac 1{1111\frac 13} \end{aligned}

Since 1 1111 1 2 < 1 1111 1 3 < 1 1111 \dfrac 1{1111\frac 12} < \dfrac 1{1111\frac 13} < \dfrac 1{1111} , 2221 2223 > 3331 3334 > 1110 1111 \implies \boxed{\dfrac {2221}{2223}} > \dfrac {3331}{3334} > \dfrac {1110}{1111} .

This is nice :)

Kazem Sepehrinia - 3 years, 10 months ago

best solution

Mohammad Khaza - 3 years, 10 months ago

Nice & simple

Luis Salazar - 3 years, 10 months ago

That's the trick I used.

Atomsky Jahid - 3 years, 10 months ago
Peter Newcomb
Jul 21, 2017

Each of these is close to but not greater than one, so you may rephrase the question as "Which has the smallest difference from 1?" Subtracting and making a common numerator gives:

1- 1110 1111 \frac{1110}{1111} = 1 1111 \frac{1}{1111} = 6 6666 \frac{6}{6666}

1- 2221 2223 \frac{2221}{2223} = 2 2223 \frac{2}{2223} = 6 6669 \frac{6}{6669}

1- 3331 3334 \frac{3331}{3334} = 3 3334 \frac{3}{3334} = 6 6668 \frac{6}{6668}

Since the numerators are all the same, the largest denominator is the smallest number, and therefore 2221 2223 \frac{2221}{2223} is the correct answer to the problem

Your solution and the solution presented by Chew-Seong Cheong are the cleanest explanations of this task that I've seen so far. I got this problem wrong due to a rash conclusion that I made as a result of my analysis. However, in the spirit of this problem I feel that a comprehensive analysis should consider the following: given that N/D = 1110/1111 , then 2221/2223 = (2N + 1)/(2D + 1) and 3331/3334 = (3N + 1)/(3D + 1) . Note the condition that D > N for this task. One can easily show that (kN + 1)/(kD + 1) > N/D when k > 1 . In the following calculations, the position of left side and right side are maintained.

  1. Compare (kN + 1)/(kD + 1) to N/D by multiplying both sides by D•(kD + 1).

  2. Compare (kND + D) to (kND + N) by subtracting kND from both sides.

  3. Compare D to N with the result that D > N. Therefore (kN + 1)/(kD + 1) > N/D .

Both 2221/2223 and 3331/3334 are larger than 1110/1111 , which leaves the issue which of these two fractions is largest 2221/2223 or 3331/3334?

  1. Compare (aN + 1)/(aD + 1) to (bN + 1)/(bD + 1) with the assumption that b > a > 1. Multiply both sides by (aD + 1)•(bD + 1).

  2. Compare (abND + aN + bD + 1) to (abND + aD + bN + 1) by subtracting (abND + 1) from both sides.

  3. Compare (aN + bD) to (aD + bN) by subtracting bN and aN from both sides.

  4. Compare b(D - N) to a(D - N) by dividing both sides by (D - N).

  5. Compare b to a with the result that b > a. Therefore (aN + 1)/(aD + 1) > (bN + 1)/(bD + 1).

This final result means 2221/2223 > 3331/3334 .

David Hairston - 3 years, 10 months ago
Erick DiFiore
Jul 21, 2017

if x = 1110 x = 1110

A = A = 1110 1111 \frac{1110}{1111} = x x + 1 \frac{x}{x+1}

B = B = 2221 2223 \frac{2221}{2223} = 2 x + 1 2 x + 3 \frac{2x+1}{2x+3}

C = C = 3331 3334 \frac{3331}{3334} = 3 x + 1 3 x + 4 \frac{3x+1}{3x+4}

Cross multiply the A and B, you end up with

2 x 2 + 3 x < 2 x 2 + 3 x + 1 2x^2+3x < 2x^2+3x+1

in the numerator, so B is larger.

Now cross multiply B and C, which gives you

6 x 2 + 11 x + 4 > 6 x 2 + 11 x + 3 6x^2+11x+4 > 6x^2+11x+3

in the numerator, so B or 2221 2223 \frac{2221}{2223} is larger.

Robert DeLisle
Jul 21, 2017

Domenico Chilà
Jul 21, 2017

1110 1111 = 1 1 1111 2221 2223 = 1 2 2223 = 1 2 × 1 2223 = 1 2 × 1 1111 × 2 + 1 = 1 2 × 1 2 × ( 1111 + 1 2 ) = 1 1 1111 + 1 2 3331 3334 = 1 3 3334 = 1 3 × 1 3334 = 1 3 × 1 1111 × 3 + 1 = 1 3 × 1 3 × ( 1111 + 1 3 ) = 1 1 1111 + 1 3 \frac { 1110 }{ 1111 } =1-\frac { 1 }{ 1111 } \\ \frac { 2221 }{ 2223 } =1-\frac { 2 }{ 2223 } =1-2\times \frac { 1 }{ 2223 } =1-2\times \frac { 1 }{ 1111\times 2+1 } =1-2\times \frac { 1 }{ 2\times (1111+\frac { 1 }{ 2 } ) } =1-\frac { 1 }{ 1111+\frac { 1 }{ 2 } } \\ \frac { 3331 }{ 3334 } =1-\frac { 3 }{ 3334 } =1-3\times \frac { 1 }{ 3334 } =1-3\times \frac { 1 }{ 1111\times 3+1 } =1-3\times \frac { 1 }{ 3\times (1111+\frac { 1 }{ 3 } ) } =1-\frac { 1 }{ 1111+\frac { 1 }{ 3 } }

The largest fraction is the one in which the least quantity is subtracted from 1.

So, the answer is 2221 2223 \boxed{\frac { 2221 }{ 2223 } } ,

In fact this fraction has the same numerator of the others and a greater denominator.

Great choice!

Carlos Constante - 3 years, 10 months ago
Mohammad Khaza
Jul 20, 2017

if we multiply these 3 fractions with big integers, the difference between numerator and denominator will be seen. and the fraction with the largest numerator or denominator will be close to 1 than other numbers. so, the answer will be = 2221 2223 \frac {2221}{2223}

again, their is another way, if we subtract these all fractions from 1 (as they all are less than 1), than these fractions will be, 1 1111 \frac {1}{1111} < 2 2223 \frac {2}{2223} > 3 3334 \frac {3}{3334}

need clear explanation.

Halima Tahmina - 3 years, 10 months ago

Your inequalities are pointing in the wrong directions.

Richard Desper - 3 years, 10 months ago

LaTex: Let : A = 1111 \Huge \text {Let :} \; A = 1111

LaTex: Let : e = A 1 A , f = 2 A 1 2 A + 1 , g = 3 A 2 3 A + 1 \Huge \text {Let : } \; e = \frac{A-1}{A}, \; f = \frac{2A-1}{2A+1}, \; g = \frac{3A-2}{3A+1}

LaTex: Let’s suppose : e < f \Large \text {Let's suppose : } \; \boxed {e<f}

LaTex: e < f A 1 A < 2 A 1 2 A + 1 ( A 1 ) ( 2 A + 1 ) < A ( 2 A 1 ) 1 < 0 True \large e<f \iff \frac{A-1}{A}< \frac{2A-1}{2A+1} \iff (A-1)(2A+1)<A(2A-1) \iff -1<0 \Rightarrow \; \text {True}

LaTex: Let’s suppose : e < g \Large \text {Let's suppose : } \; \boxed {e<g}

LaTex: e < g A 1 A < 3 A 2 3 A + 1 ( A 1 ) ( 3 A + 1 ) < A ( 3 A 2 ) 1 < 0 True \large e<g \iff \frac{A-1}{A}< \frac{3A-2}{3A+1} \iff (A-1)(3A+1)<A(3A-2) \iff -1<0 \Rightarrow \; \text {True}

LaTex: Let’s suppose : f < g \Large \text {Let's suppose : } \; \boxed {f<g}

LaTex: f < g 2 A 1 2 A + 1 < 3 A 2 3 A + 1 ( 2 A 1 ) ( 3 A + 1 ) < ( 2 A + 1 ) ( 3 A 2 ) 1 < 2 False \large f<g \iff \frac{2A-1}{2A+1}< \frac{3A-2}{3A+1} \iff (2A-1)(3A+1)<(2A+1)(3A-2) \iff -1<-2 \Rightarrow \; \text {False}

LaTex: Thus : f > g \Large \text {Thus :} \; \boxed {f>g}

LaTeX: Finally ( e < f ) , ( e < g ) and ( f > g ) e < g < f f = 2 A 1 2 A + 1 = 2221 2223 \Large \text {Finally } \; (e<f), (e<g) \; \text {and}\; (f>g) \Rightarrow \color{#D61F06}{ e<g<f \Rightarrow \boxed{ f = \frac{2A-1}{2A+1}= \frac{2221}{2223} }}

LaTeX: That is to say : "$f$" is the largest number between the 3 \Large \text {That is to say : "\$f\$" is the largest number between the 3 }

LaTex Another way to find the largest number : \large \text {Another way to find the largest number :}

LaTex: Let : a = 1110 \huge \text {Let :} \; a = 1110

LaTex: Let : A ( a ) = a + 0 a + 1 1 , B ( a ) = a + 1 2 a + 3 2 , C ( a ) = a + 1 3 a + 4 3 \huge \text {Let : } \; A(a) = \frac{a+0}{a+\frac{1}{1}}, \; B(a) = \frac{a+\frac{1}{2}}{a+\frac{3}{2}}, \; C(a) = \frac{a+\frac{1}{3}}{a+\frac{4}{3}}

LaTex: l c m ( 1 ; 2 ; 3 ) = 6 then let’s multiply every numerator and denominator : \Large lcm(1;2;3) = 6 \; \text {then let's multiply every numerator and denominator :}

LaTex: Let : A ( a ) = 6 a + 0 6 a + 6 , B ( a ) = 6 a + 3 6 a + 9 , C ( a ) = 6 a + 2 6 a + 8 \Large \text {Let : } \; A(a) = \frac{6a+0}{6a+6}, \; B(a) = \frac{6a+3}{6a+9}, \; C(a) = \frac{6a+2}{6a+8}

LaTex: [ lim a 0 A ( a ) = 0 6 = 0 ] , [ lim a 0 B ( a ) = 3 9 = 1 3 0.33 ] , [ lim a 0 C ( a ) = 2 8 = 1 4 = 0.25 ] \Large [ \lim\limits_{a \rightarrow 0} A(a) = \frac{0}{6} = 0], \; [\lim\limits_{a \rightarrow 0} B(a) = \frac{3}{9}= \frac{1}{3}\approx 0.33], \; [\lim\limits_{a \rightarrow 0} C(a) = \frac{2}{8}= \frac{1}{4}= 0.25]

LaTex: We can now sort the 3 numbers : A ( a ) < C ( a ) < B ( a ) 0 < 1 4 < 1 3 \Large \text {We can now sort the 3 numbers :} \; A(a)<C(a)<B(a) \iff 0<\frac{1}{4}<\frac{1}{3}

LaTeX: Thus, the largest number between the 3 is : B ( a ) = a + 1 2 a + 3 2 = 2221 2223 \Large \text {Thus, the largest number between the 3 is : } \; \color{#D61F06}{ \boxed {B(a) = \frac{a+\frac{1}{2}}{a+\frac{3}{2}} = \frac{2221}{2223}}}

John Hollander
Jul 21, 2017

For positive values, if a b > c d \frac{a}{b}>\frac{c}{d} then a d > b c ad>bc .

Let x = 1110 x=1110 , then the fractions are:

1110 1111 = x x + 1 \frac{1110}{1111} = \frac{x}{x+1} , 2221 2223 = 2 x + 1 2 x + 3 \frac{2221}{2223} = \frac{2x+1}{2x+3} , and 3331 3334 = 3 x + 1 3 x + 4 \frac{3331}{3334} = \frac{3x+1}{3x+4}

For the first two,

x ( 2 x + 3 ) < ( 2 x + 1 ) ( x + 1 ) x(2x+3) < (2x+1)(x+1)

2 x 2 + 3 x < 2 x 2 + 3 x + 1 2x^2+3x < 2x^2+3x+1

0 < 1 0 < 1

So the second is greater than the first. Then for the second vs. the third,

( 2 x + 1 ) ( 3 x + 4 ) > ( 3 x + 1 ) ( 2 x + 3 ) (2x+1)(3x+4) > (3x+1)(2x+3)

6 x 2 + 11 x + 4 > 6 x 2 + 11 x + 3 6x^2+11x+4 > 6x^2 + 11x + 3

4 > 3 4 > 3

So the second is the highest.

Lew Sterling Jr
Aug 14, 2017

Topper Forever
Aug 7, 2017

Just do some changes 1-1/1111 1-2/2223 3-3/3334 2/2223=1/2223/2=1/1111.5<1/1111

So by this u get ur answer morons

Lol "topper forever" xD

Krishna Karthik - 1 year, 1 month ago
Hadas Cet
Jul 31, 2017

Howard Smith
Jul 26, 2017

All these fractions are clearly a little less than 1. Write them initially as "1 minus something":

1110 1111 \frac{1110}{1111} =1- 1 1111 \frac{1}{1111}

2221 2223 \frac{2221}{2223} =1- 2 2223 \frac{2}{2223}

3331 3334 \frac{3331}{3334} =1- 3 3334 \frac{3}{3334}

Now look at the amounts that have been deducted from 1; the smallest deduction will lead to the largest original fraction.

Make the numerators the same; lowest common multiple is 6 ...

1 1111 \frac{1}{1111} is 6 6666 \frac{6}{6666} , 2 2223 \frac{2}{2223} is 6 6669 \frac{6}{6669} , and 3 3334 \frac{3}{3334} is 6 6668 \frac{6}{6668}

Looking at the denominators, 6669 is the largest, so 6 6669 \frac{6}{6669} is the smallest deduction from 1, so we can conclude that 2221 2223 \frac{2221}{2223} was the largest of the original fractions.

Emilio Díaz
Jul 22, 2017

a/(a+1)< (2a+1)/(2a+3)>(3a+1)/(3a+4)

Betty BellaItalia
Jul 21, 2017

Carlos Constante
Jul 21, 2017

1110 1111 \frac{1110}{1111} - 2221 2223 \frac{2221}{2223} = 1110 2223 1111 2221 1111 2223 \frac{1110*2223-1111*2221}{1111*2223} = 1110 ( 2223 2221 ) 2221 1111 2223 \frac{1110*(2223-2221)-2221}{1111*2223} = 1 1111 2223 \frac{-1}{1111*2223} <0; 2221 2223 \frac{2221}{2223} > 1110 1111 \frac{1110}{1111}

2221 2223 \frac{2221}{2223} - 3331 3334 \frac{3331}{3334} = 2221 3334 2223 3331 2223 3334 \frac{2221*3334-2223*3331}{2223*3334} = 2221 ( 3334 3331 ) 6662 2223 3334 \frac{2221*(3334-3331)-6662}{2223*3334} = 1 2223 3334 \frac{1}{2223*3334} >0; 2221 2223 \frac{2221}{2223} > 3331 3334 \frac{3331}{3334}

The largest is 2221 2223 \frac{2221}{2223} .

Lowell Beal
Jul 21, 2017

Let 1110 = a. The numbers now are a/(a+1), (2a+1)/(2a+3), and (3a+1)/3a+4). Now let a=1, so now the fractions are 1/2, 3/5, and 4/7. The second, 3/5, is the largest.

Syrous Marivani
Jul 21, 2017

1110/1111 = 1 – 1/1111

2221/2223 = 1 – 2/2223 = 1 – 1/1111.5

3331/3334 = 1 – 3/3334 = 1 – 1/1111.3333......

Since obviously,

1/1111 > 1/1111.33…. > 1/1111.5

So,

1110/1111 < 3331/3334 < 2221/2223.

Therefore 2221/2223 is largest.

Toby M
Jul 21, 2017

Let a = 1110 a = 1110 . Then the three fractions become a a + 1 \frac{a}{a+1} , 2 a + 1 2 a + 3 \frac{2a+1}{2a+3} and 3 a + 1 3 a + 4 \frac{3a+1}{3a+4} . We can systematically cross multiply the three pairs: A A and B B ; A A and C C ; B B and C C and compare the result.

A A and B B : ( a ) ( 2 a + 3 ) ? ( a + 1 ) ( 2 a + 1 ) ( 2 a ) ( a ) + 3 a ? ( 2 a ) ( a ) + a + 2 a + 1 (a)(2a+3) \ ? \ (a+1)(2a+1) \Rightarrow (2a)(a) + 3a \ ? \ (2a)(a) + a + 2a + 1 . Since 0 < 1 , A < B . 0 < 1, A < B.

B B and C C : ( 2 a + 1 ) ( 3 a + 4 ) ? ( 2 a + 3 ) ( 3 a + 1 ) ( 2 a ) ( 3 a ) + 8 a + 3 a + 4 ? ( 2 a ) ( 3 a ) + 2 a + 9 a + 3 (2a+1)(3a+4) \ ? \ (2a+3)(3a+1) \Rightarrow (2a)(3a) + 8a + 3a + 4 \ ? \ (2a)(3a) + 2a + 9a + 3 . Since 4 > 3 , B > C . 4 > 3, B > C.

Since B B is greater than both A A and C C , we can conclude B B is the greatest out of the three fractions.

Notice how we don't need to compare the third pair A A and C C , because the information doesn't add any new information to the conclusions we made from the pairs A A and B B ; and B B and C C .

Toby M - 3 years, 10 months ago

Isn't this why God invented calculators/spreadsheets. And yes - if you put the 3 fractions into Excel, the answers look the same. All you have to do is widen the cells. (Sometimes, with this sort of problem, you have to increase the decimal places - Home:General:decimals) Do you take your carpets outside to beat the dust out cos vacuum cleaners are nasty modern mechanical inventions?

Katherine barker - 3 years, 10 months ago

Yes, you could definitely use a calculator, but I believe that calculators should be used only after students understand the mathematical concepts behind the numbers. I never said that calculators are supposed to be banned - they have to be used wisely so that students don't neglect the mathematical foundations before moving on to higher-level maths.

In this case, learning different techniques such as cross multiplying, subtracting from 1 1 , differences between numerator and denominator and so on help students build up a rich foundation to move further into mathematics. If you just plug the numbers into a calculator, you will never be able to generalise these sorts of problems into algebra. These are all based on symbols, which a regular scientific calculator can't divide.

Toby M - 3 years, 10 months ago

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