91 of 100: Cube Color Conundrum

Suppose you take a cube and color all the sides. Each side is colored either red or blue. If two different methods of coloring the sides can be rotated to match, they are considered the same.

In how many different ways can you color the cube?

Be systematic, and don't forget that all-red and all-blue are both coloring options.

10 12 14 16

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10 solutions

John Allums
Aug 29, 2017

This should not be 5/5 cacti. Way too easy. Just literally count all the possibilities.
0 blue faces
1 blue face
2 adjacent blue faces
2 opposite blue faces
3 blue faces around a vertex
3 blue faces in a line
4 blue faces with 2 adjacent red faces
4 blue, 2 opposite red faces
5 blue faces
6 blue faces
The more formal solution would use Burnside's Counting Lemma , but this was so easy, just literally counting them the fastest thing to do.

And there are plenty of folk out there who can juggle numbers, angles and graphs from here to kingdom come, but get all flustered when presented with a visual problem (I should introduce you to my son) - oh yes - as Jason has said.

Katherine barker - 3 years, 9 months ago

Given only 53% of people got it correct as of this writing (in the early phases, where the more dedicated solvers tend to come out) I think a high cactus rating is appropriate (possibly 4, but it's impossible to know for certain until we try a problem - in some cases, we've ported problems from other parts of the site that had much different success rate in the other location).

A lot of people miscount this kind of puzzle - I think visualizing that you're doing is non-trivial for a fair chunk of our solvers.

Jason Dyer Staff - 3 years, 9 months ago

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My initial thoughts on the problem were a little...harsh. I was just excited to see the new problem so I stayed up until midnight to see it posted. I saw 5/5 cacti and got excited for a challenge....then solved the problem in a minute. Additionally, I also enjoy looking at other solutions and seeing who came up with a creative/unique way of solving it. I gain a lot of insight from others' solutions. And this problem doesn't lend itself to that, everyone (so far) has just listed the 10 possibilities. That's why I mentioned Burnside's Counting Lemma, so that interested readers may be pointed in the direction of more general results. Still 59% success rate...I anticipated much higher for this problem.

John Allums - 3 years, 9 months ago

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Down to 51%. Feel free to edit to expand on Burnside, if you want.

Jason Dyer Staff - 3 years, 9 months ago

the cacti also denotes tediousness lol so i guess for a problem that requires listing all possibilities it's slightly tedious? definitely not 5 cacti tho

Wuu Yyiizzhhoouu - 3 years, 9 months ago

And then there are idiots like me - who did get it right, but only by looking at the options for answers, which pushed me into realising there could be all-red or all-blue

Katherine barker - 3 years, 9 months ago

I can only praise people who understood correctly what is given in this problem. Sorry, but I did not, until I look at discussion of the solution.

Larisa Altshuler - 3 years, 9 months ago

@John Allums totally agree. I counted 1,2,3,4,5,6 red faces before realising there were different arrangements, but after that it was easy to find the answer :) I actually didn't want to click it because I thought it wasn't that easy and 5/5 cacti... I guess it was. :P

Angel ONG - 3 years, 9 months ago
John Hagen
Aug 29, 2017

It should be immediately clear that you really only need to solve for four cases, since the solution for 0 red, 1 red and 2 red is the same as the solution for 0 blue, 1 blue and 2 blue.

So the solutions are as follows:

  • 0 red (6 blue): 1 solution

  • 1 red (5 blue): 1 solution

  • 2 red (4 blue): 2 solutions (adjacent & non-adjacent)

  • 3 red (3 blue): 2 solutions (touching-a-common-corner & in-a-row)

  • 4 red (2 blue): 2 solutions (same as 2 red, except now blue are adjacent & non-adjacent)

  • 5 red (1 blue): 1 solution (same as 1 red)

  • 6 red (0 blue): 1 solution (same as 0 red)

Seth Reisner
Aug 30, 2017

I think these images cover the 10 general cases that I (and everyone else here) found. Please let me know if I made any errors!

The number of rotationally distinct colorings of the faces of a cube in n colors is given by

(n^6 + 3*n^4 + 12n^3 + 8n^2)/24

Substituting n = 2 yields: (64 + 3 16 + 12 8 + 8*4)/24 = (64 + 48 + 96 + 32)/24 = 240/24 = 10

Vijay Simha - 3 years, 9 months ago
  • 6 red, 0 blue: 1 way
  • 5 red, 1 blue: 1 way
  • 4 red, 2 blue: 2 ways (blue sides either bound to each other or opposite each other)
  • 3 red, 3 blue: 2 ways (either both colors in one line or both colors meet in one vertex)
  • 2 red, 4 blue: 2 ways (red sides either bound to each other or opposite each other)
  • 1 red, 5 blue: 1 way
  • 0 red, 6 blue: 1 way

The total is 10 ways.

Robert DeLisle
Aug 30, 2017

Varun Tripathi
Sep 1, 2017

Take a red colour as 1 and blue colour as zero

So to colour six phases, let the pattern be something like - RRRBBB

R- RED B-BLUE

So seven combinations to colour six sides of cube are-

111111-in this only one way to colour

111110-in this only one way to colour

111100-in this two ways to colour--opposite sides blue coloured and adjacent sides blue coloured

111000-in this two ways to colour--3 adjacent sides in plane and 2 in plane and one top or bottom

110000-in this two ways to colour--opposite sides red coloured and adjacent sides red coloured

100000-in this only one way to colour

000000-in this only one way to colour

Chris John
Aug 30, 2017

It can be thought of as 6C2, analogous to how many ways are there to picking a group of 2 people from 6. Chris

Can you show how they are analogous?

Joel Kang - 3 years, 9 months ago
Ananya Aaniya
Sep 8, 2017

i think the correct answer wd be 9. ... if each side must be coloured (which is clearly mentioned in the qs).

Ishan Maheshwari
Sep 1, 2017

I only counted the scenarios from red's perspective and just inverted it where appropriate.

This is the way I thought about it:

All Red inv. All Blue

1 Red inv. 1 Blue

2 adjacent Red inv. 2 adjacent Blue

2 opposite Red inv. 2 opposite Blue

3 Red sharing vertex ( No Inversion)

3 Red in a line ( No Inversion)

Hence, if you count it all up, then there are 10 unique ways.

Nikita Mahilewets
Aug 29, 2017

I have mentally counted just nine colorings.

The smallest answer is ten, greater than nine.

So I have picked ten as the closest.

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