Let the set
contain x numbers whose decimal parts are less than 0.5.
Find the value of 100x.
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Note that
( n 2 + n ) < ( n + 0 . 5 ) 2 = ( n 2 + n + 0 . 2 5 ) < ( n 2 + n + 1 )
Therefore all numbers k such that n 2 ≤ k ≤ ( n 2 + n ) will have decimal parts that are less than 0.5; in other words, for up to 961, there will be
( 3 1 + 2 9 3 0 = 4 9 6 ) numbers of this form. From 961 to 1000, there are another 31 numbers of this form. Therefore the answer is
1 0 0 ( 4 9 6 + 3 1 ) = 1 0 0 ( 5 2 7 ) = 5 2 7 0 0